Bae Min-Suk, Schauer James J, Lee Taehyoung, Jeong Ju-Hee, Kim Yoo-Keun, Ro Chul-Un, Song Sang-Keun, Shon Zang-Ho
Department of Environmental Engineering, Mokpo National University, Muan 58554, Republic of Korea; Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53705, USA.
Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison 53705, USA.
Environ Pollut. 2017 Dec;231(Pt 1):1-12. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.07.100. Epub 2017 Aug 1.
This study investigated the relationship between water-soluble organic compounds of ambient particulate matter (PM) and cellular redox activity collected from May 28 to June 20 of 2016 at the west coastal site in the Republic of Korea during the KORea-US Air Quality (KORUS-AQ) campaign. Automatic four-hour integrated samples operated at a flow rate of 92 L per minute for the analysis of organic carbon (OC), water-soluble organic carbon (WSOC), elemental carbon (EC), water-soluble ions (WSIs), and benzene carboxylic acids (BCAs) were collected on a 47 mm quartz fiber filter. The influence of atmospheric transport processes was assessed by the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model. OC, EC, WSOC, and BCA were determined by SUNET carbon analyzer, total organic carbon (TOC) analyzer, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry mass spectrometry (LC-MSMS), respectively. Twenty-four-hour integrated samples were collected for reactive oxygen species (ROS) analysis using a fluorogenic cell-based method to investigate the main chemical classes of toxicity. The results illustrate that WSOC and specific water-soluble species are associated with the oxidative potential of particulate matter. Pairwise correlation scatterplots between the daily-averaged WSOC and ROS (r of 0.81), and 135-BCA and ROS (r of 0.84), indicate that secondary organic aerosol production was highly associated with ROS activity. In addition, X-ray spectral analysis together with secondary electron images (SEIs) of PM particles collected during high ROS concentration events clearly indicate that water-soluble organic aerosols are major contributors to PM mass. This study provides insight into the components of particulate matter that are drivers of the oxidative potential of atmospheric particulate matter and potential tracers for this activity.
本研究调查了2016年5月28日至6月20日在大韩民国西海岸站点进行的韩美空气质量（KORUS-AQ）活动期间，环境颗粒物（PM）中的水溶性有机化合物与细胞氧化还原活性之间的关系。以每分钟92升的流速运行的自动四小时综合样品，用于分析有机碳（OC）、水溶性有机碳（WSOC）、元素碳（EC）、水溶性离子（WSIs）和苯羧酸（BCAs），这些样品收集在47毫米石英纤维滤膜上。通过天气研究与预报（WRF）模型评估大气传输过程的影响。OC、EC、WSOC和BCA分别通过SUNET碳分析仪、总有机碳（TOC）分析仪和液相色谱-质谱联用仪（LC-MSMS）测定。收集24小时综合样品，采用基于荧光细胞的方法进行活性氧（ROS）分析，以研究毒性的主要化学类别。结果表明，WSOC和特定的水溶性物质与颗粒物的氧化潜力有关。日均WSOC与ROS之间的成对相关散点图（r为0.81），以及135-BCA与ROS之间的成对相关散点图（r为0.84），表明二次有机气溶胶的产生与ROS活性高度相关。此外，在高ROS浓度事件期间收集的PM颗粒的X射线光谱分析以及二次电子图像（SEIs）清楚地表明，水溶性有机气溶胶是PM质量的主要贡献者。本研究深入了解了作为大气颗粒物氧化潜力驱动因素的颗粒物成分以及该活性的潜在示踪剂。
