Jiménez Lucero, Arriaga Sonia, Muñoz Raúl, Aizpuru Aitor
Cuerpo Académico de Biotecnología Ambiental, Universidad del Mar, Campus Puerto Ángel, 70902, San Pedro Pochutla, Mexico; Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, División de Ciencias Ambientales, 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
Instituto Potosino de Investigación Científica y Tecnológica, División de Ciencias Ambientales, 78216, San Luis Potosí, Mexico.
J Environ Manage. 2017 Dec 1;203(Pt 1):68-75. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2017.07.057. Epub 2017 Aug 2.
Industrial emissions of Volatile Organic Compounds are usually discontinuous. To assess the impact of interruptions in pollutant supply on the performance of biological treatment systems, two identical biofilters previously operated under continuous toluene loadings were subjected for 110 days to extended (12, 24, 36, 48, 60, 72, 84 and 96 h) and for a week to daily (8 h on, 16 h off) toluene starvation/shutdown events. One biofilter was operated under complete shutdowns (both air and toluene supply were interrupted), while the other maintained the air supply under toluene starvation. The biofilter operated under complete shutdowns was able to withstand both the extended and daily pollutant interruptions, while starvation periods >24 h severely impacted the performance of the other biofilter, with a removal efficiency decrease from 97.7 ± 0.1% to 45.4 ± 6.7% at the end of the extended starvation periods. This deterioration was likely due to a reduction in liquid lixiviation (from a total volume of 2380 mL to 1800 mL) mediated by the countercurrent airflow during the starvation periods. The presence of air under toluene starvation also favored the accumulation of inactive biomass, thus increasing the pressure drop from 337 to 700 mm HO.m, while decreasing the wash out of acidic by-products with a significantly higher pH of leachates (Student paired t-test <0.05). This study confirmed the need to prevent the accumulation of inhibitory compounds produced during process perturbation in order to increase biofiltration robustness. Process operation with sufficient drainage in the packing material and the absence of countercurrent airflow are highly recommended during toluene deprivation periods.
挥发性有机化合物的工业排放通常是不连续的。为了评估污染物供应中断对生物处理系统性能的影响，将两个先前在连续甲苯负荷下运行的相同生物滤池分别进行了110天的延长（12、24、36、48、60、72、84和96小时）以及为期一周的每日（8小时运行、16小时停止）甲苯饥饿/关闭事件处理。一个生物滤池在完全关闭状态下运行（空气和甲苯供应均中断），而另一个在甲苯饥饿状态下保持空气供应。在完全关闭状态下运行的生物滤池能够承受延长和每日的污染物中断，而超过24小时的饥饿期严重影响了另一个生物滤池的性能，在延长饥饿期结束时，去除效率从97.7±0.1%降至45.4±6.7%。这种性能下降可能是由于饥饿期内逆流气流介导的液体沥滤减少（从总体积2380毫升降至1800毫升）。甲苯饥饿状态下空气的存在也有利于无活性生物质的积累，从而使压降从337毫米水柱增加到700毫米水柱·米，同时减少了酸性副产物的洗脱，渗滤液的pH值显著更高（学生配对t检验<0.05）。本研究证实，为了提高生物过滤的稳健性，有必要防止过程扰动期间产生的抑制性化合物的积累。在甲苯剥夺期，强烈建议在填充材料中进行充分排水且不存在逆流气流的情况下进行工艺操作。
