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通过聚(苯乙烯-马来酸酐)的插层和酰亚胺化合成的高岭土纳米复合薄片

Kaolinite Nanocomposite Platelets Synthesized by Intercalation and Imidization of Poly(styrene--maleic anhydride).

作者信息

Samyn Pieter, Schoukens Gustaaf, Stanssens Dirk

机构信息

Chair for Bio-based Materials Engineering, Faculty for Environment and Natural Resources, Freiburg Institute for Advanced Studies (FRIAS), University of Freiburg, Werthmannstrasse 6, D-79085 Freiburg, Germany.

Department of Textiles, Ghent University, Technologiepark 907, B-9052 Zwijnaarde, Belgium.

出版信息

Materials (Basel). 2015 Jul 16;8(7):4363-4388. doi: 10.3390/ma8074363.

Abstract

A synthesis route is presented for the subsequent intercalation, exfoliation and surface modification of kaolinite (Kln) by an imidization reaction of high-molecular weight poly(styrene--maleic anhydride) or SMA in the presence of ammonium hydroxide. In a first step, the intercalation of ammonolyzed SMA by guest displacement of intercalated dimethylsulfoxide has been proven. In a second step, the imidization of ammonolyzed SMA at 160 °C results in exfoliation of the kaolinite layers and deposition of poly(styrene-co-maleimide) or SMI nanoparticles onto the kaolinite surfaces. Compared with a physical mixture of Kln/SMI, the chemically reacted Kln/SMI provides more efficient exfoliation and hydrogen bonding between the nanoparticles and the kaolinite. The kaolinite nanocomposite particles are synthesized in aqueous dispersion with solid content of 65 wt %. The intercalation and exfoliation are optimized for a concentration ratio of Kln/SMI = 70:30, resulting in maximum intercalation and interlayer distance in combination with highest imide content. After thermal curing at 135 °C, the imidization proceeds towards a maximum conversion of the intermediate amic acid moieties. The changes in O-H stretching and kaolinite lattice vibrations have been illustrated by infrared and FT-Raman spectroscopy, which allow for a good quantification of concentration and imidization effects.

摘要

本文介绍了一种合成路线,用于在氢氧化铵存在下,通过高分子量聚(苯乙烯-马来酸酐)或SMA的酰亚胺化反应对高岭土(Kln)进行后续插层、剥离和表面改性。第一步,已证明通过插层二甲基亚砜的客体置换作用实现氨解SMA的插层。第二步,氨解SMA在160℃下进行酰亚胺化反应,导致高岭土层剥离,并在高岭土表面沉积聚(苯乙烯-共-马来酰亚胺)或SMI纳米颗粒。与Kln/SMI的物理混合物相比,化学反应后的Kln/SMI能实现更有效的剥离,且纳米颗粒与高岭土之间形成更多氢键。高岭土纳米复合颗粒在固含量为65 wt%的水分散体中合成。插层和剥离过程针对Kln/SMI浓度比为70:30进行了优化,从而在结合最高酰亚胺含量的情况下实现最大插层和层间距。在135℃热固化后,酰亚胺化反应朝着中间酰胺酸部分的最大转化率进行。通过红外光谱和傅里叶变换拉曼光谱说明了O-H伸缩振动和高岭土晶格振动的变化,这有助于对浓度和酰亚胺化效果进行良好的定量分析。

https://cdn.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/blobs/151c/5455644/3b80da715d0e/materials-08-04363-g001.jpg

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