a Lunds Universitet.
J Soc Psychol. 2018;158(3):361-378. doi: 10.1080/00224545.2017.1357527. Epub 2017 Sep 18.
We investigate how the stereotype of the poor (vs. middle class) influences behavioral predictions. In Study 1, participants made predictions regarding another person's economic behavior in scenarios pertaining to rate of time preferences (loss, gain of smaller and larger amount). We find that participants, across scenarios, expect individuals with low SES to show more short-sightedness-i.e., steeper temporal discounting. This pattern persisted until strong diagnostic information about previous economic behavior was provided. These results are novel but consistent with previous work on stereotype application. Study 2 probed stereotype accuracy. Participants with lower vs. higher SES reported how they would act in scenarios matching those of Study 1. We find that they respond very similarly, which is in contrast to the stereotype that poor people are more short-sighted and may possibly be taken to suggest that the association between low SES and short-sightedness is biased.
我们研究了穷人（与中产阶级相比）的刻板印象如何影响行为预测。在研究 1 中，参与者根据涉及时间偏好率（损失、较小和较大金额的收益）的场景，对另一个人的经济行为做出预测。我们发现，参与者在各种场景下都期望 SES 较低的人表现出更短视的行为，即时间折扣更陡峭。这种模式一直持续到提供关于之前经济行为的强烈诊断信息。这些结果是新颖的，但与之前关于刻板印象应用的研究一致。研究 2 探究了刻板印象的准确性。SES 较低的参与者与 SES 较高的参与者报告了他们在与研究 1 中相匹配的场景中会如何行动。我们发现他们的反应非常相似，这与穷人更短视的刻板印象形成鲜明对比，可能表明 SES 较低与短视之间的关联存在偏差。
