Analysis of Multi-Level Simultaneous Driving Technique for Capacitive Touch Sensors.

The signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) and driving levels of capacitive touch sensors determine the applicability of these sensors to thinner displays and sensor-integrated modules. The simultaneous driving technique has been widely applied to capacitive touch sensors to cope with various types of environmental noise. A Hadamard matrix has been used to determine the driving code and multiplex capacitive signals required to increase the SNR and responsivity of touch sensors. Using multi-level Hadamard matrices, a new driving technique for sensing concurrent capacitive elements across multiple rows of a touch panel was developed. The technique provides more effective design choices than the existing bipolar driving method by supporting a variety of orders of matrices and regular capacity. The required TX voltage can be reduced by applying the Kronecker product for higher orders of simultaneous driving. A system model is presented for multiplexing capacitive signals to extract the SNR of the existing Hadamard matrices as well as one of the proposed multi-level sequences. In addition, the corresponding multi-level drivers and receivers were implemented to verify the theoretical expectations and simulation results of the proposed technique.