Life Sciences Institute and Innovation Center for Cell Signaling Network, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China.
Curr Issues Mol Biol. 2018;25:61-80. doi: 10.21775/cimb.025.061. Epub 2017 Sep 6.
Macrophages represent one of the first lines of host immune defenses against the invasion of pathogenic bacteria. Many receptors, immune signaling pathways and cellular processes in macrophages, including Toll-like receptors, Nod-like receptors, phagocytosis, autophagy and programmed cell death, are involved in combating the infection of bacterial pathogens. For efficient colonization in the host, bacterial pathogens have evolved diverse mechanisms to interfere with macrophage functions to evade host defenses. The major weapons utilized by bacterial pathogens are protein toxins and effectors secreted via specific bacterial secretion systems, including type I-VII secretion apparatuses. In recent years, great advances have been achieved in understanding how bacterial toxins and effectors subvert immune signaling and cellular processes of macrophages. In this review, we focus on the toxins and effectors that modulate the phagocytosis, intracellular immune signaling pathways, autophagy and programmed cell death processes of macrophages from the bacterium , , , spp., spp., and .
巨噬细胞是宿主抵御病原细菌入侵的第一道防线。巨噬细胞中许多受体、免疫信号通路和细胞过程，包括 Toll 样受体、Nod 样受体、吞噬作用、自噬和程序性细胞死亡，都参与了对抗细菌病原体感染的过程。为了在宿主中有效定植，细菌病原体进化出了多种机制来干扰巨噬细胞的功能，以逃避宿主防御。细菌病原体使用的主要武器是通过特定的细菌分泌系统（包括 I-VII 型分泌装置）分泌的蛋白毒素和效应子。近年来，人们在理解细菌毒素和效应子如何颠覆巨噬细胞的免疫信号和细胞过程方面取得了重大进展。在这篇综述中，我们重点介绍了来自 、 、 、 、 、 和 等细菌的毒素和效应子，它们可以调节巨噬细胞的吞噬作用、细胞内免疫信号通路、自噬和程序性细胞死亡过程。
