Tanaka Ken-Ichi
Saitama Institute of Technology, Research Center of Advanced Sciences 1690 Okabe, Fukaya, Saitama, Japan.
Materials (Basel). 2010 Aug 27;3(9):4518-4549. doi: 10.3390/ma3094518.
Nano-structuring of the surface caused by adsorption of molecules or atoms and by the reaction of surface atoms with adsorbed species are reviewed from a chemistry viewpoint. Self-assembly of adsorbed species is markedly influenced by weak mutual interactions and the local strain of the surface induced by the adsorption. Nano-structuring taking place on the surface is well explained by the notion of a quasi-molecule provided by the reaction of surface atoms with adsorbed species. Self-assembly of quasi-molecules by weak internal bonding provides quasi-compounds on a specific surface. Various nano-structuring phenomena are discussed: (i) self-assembly of adsorbed molecules and atoms; (ii) self-assembly of quasi-compounds; (iii) formation of nano-composite surfaces; (iv) controlled growth of nano-materials on composite surfaces. Nano-structuring processes are not always controlled by energetic feasibility, that is, the formation of nano-composite surface and the growth of nano-particles on surfaces are often controlled by the kinetics. The idea of the "kinetic controlled molding" might be valuable to design nano-materials on surfaces.
从化学角度综述了由分子或原子吸附以及表面原子与吸附物种反应引起的表面纳米结构化。吸附物种的自组装受到弱相互作用和吸附引起的表面局部应变的显著影响。表面原子与吸附物种反应产生的准分子概念很好地解释了表面发生的纳米结构化。通过弱内键合实现的准分子自组装在特定表面上提供了准化合物。讨论了各种纳米结构化现象：（i）吸附分子和原子的自组装；（ii）准化合物的自组装；（iii）纳米复合表面的形成；（iv）复合表面上纳米材料的可控生长。纳米结构化过程并不总是由能量可行性控制，也就是说，纳米复合表面的形成和表面上纳米颗粒的生长通常由动力学控制。“动力学控制成型”的概念对于设计表面纳米材料可能具有重要价值。
