Kayupova Gaukhar, Turdaliyeva Botagoz, Tulebayev Kazbek, Van Duong Tuyen, Chang Peter Wushou, Zagulova Diana
Dept. of Healthcare Policy and Management, SD Asfendiyarov Kazakh National Medical University, Almaty, Kazakhstan.
School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.
Iran J Public Health. 2017 Aug;46(8):1062-1070.
This study aimed to evaluate health literacy levels of patients in Almaty City, Kazakhstan and to identify socio-demographics and socio-economic factors related to their health literacy.
An international survey instrument HLS-EU-Q developed by the European Health Literacy Consortium was used in a cross-sectional study with 1000 citizens in the Almaty City at the age of 18 and over who visited the out-patient departments in the polyclinics between Feb and Oct 2014.
There were 552 women and 446 men completed the survey, with mean ages as (41.8 ± 13.9) and (44.7 ± 15.2) yr old respectively, and women were significantly younger than men (<0.001). Their general health literacy was (34.0 ± 8.6) for men and (33.49 ± 9.4) for women, without significant difference. In them, 15.5% or 30.0% were with inadequate or problematic health literacy. Multivariate linear regression analysis showed that higher general health literacy was positively and significantly associated with high self-assessed social status (B=3.86, <0.001), ability to pay for medications (B=3.42, <0.001), low frequency of watching health related TV programs (B=2.37, <0.001), moderate community involvement (B=2.23, =0.03).
Specific demographic and socio-economic determinants related to health literacy were identified the first time in Kazakhstan. This would facilitate programs to improve health outcomes in Kazakhstan.
本研究旨在评估哈萨克斯坦阿拉木图市患者的健康素养水平，并确定与其健康素养相关的社会人口统计学和社会经济因素。
采用欧洲健康素养联盟开发的国际调查问卷HLS-EU-Q，对2014年2月至10月期间在综合诊所门诊部就诊的1000名18岁及以上的阿拉木图市居民进行横断面研究。
共有552名女性和446名男性完成调查，平均年龄分别为（41.8±13.9）岁和（44.7±15.2）岁，女性明显比男性年轻（<0.001）。男性的总体健康素养为（34.0±8.6），女性为（33.49±9.4），无显著差异。其中，15.5%或30.0%的人健康素养不足或存在问题。多因素线性回归分析显示，较高的总体健康素养与较高的自我评估社会地位（B=3.86，<0.001）、支付药物费用的能力（B=3.42，<0.001）、观看健康相关电视节目的低频率（B=2.37，<0.001）、适度的社区参与（B=2.23，=0.03）呈正相关且具有显著性。
在哈萨克斯坦首次确定了与健康素养相关的特定人口统计学和社会经济决定因素。这将有助于哈萨克斯坦改善健康状况的项目。
