Jung Kyu Hwa, Choi Hwan Jun, Nam Doo Hyun
Department of Plastic and Reconstructive Surgery, Soonchunhyang University College of Medicine, Cheonan, Korea.
Arch Craniofac Surg. 2014 Apr;15(1):22-27. doi: 10.7181/acfs.2014.15.1.22. Epub 2014 Apr 10.
Dermoid cysts of the auricular area are extremely rare. We report on six cases of auricular dermoid and epidermoid cyst, and differentiate dermoid cyst from epidermal cyst along with a review of the literature.
Three cases involved a gradually enlarging mass of the superior and anterior aspect of the helix of their ear. Another two cases were located in the posterior aspect of the ear.
During the operation, a tumor was found just under the skin, not fixed mastoid or adjacent cartilage. Histologically, all specimens contained desquamated squamous epithelium and keratin in the lumen. However, two cases of posterior masses showed the presence of adnexal structures and three cases did not.
A key in diagnosis of the dermoid cyst is the presence of adnexal structures. If the wall does not bear adnexal structures, the term epidermoid or keratin cyst is applied. Acquired cysts are most commonly of traumatic origin and result from an implantation or downward displacement of an epidermal fragment. Finally, the congenital epidermoid cyst grew at the upper part of the auricle; however, the dermoid cyst grew at the lower and posterior part of the auricle.
耳部皮样囊肿极为罕见。我们报告6例耳部皮样囊肿和表皮样囊肿病例，并结合文献复习对皮样囊肿和表皮样囊肿进行鉴别。
3例患者耳部螺旋上半部分和前侧有逐渐增大的肿物。另外2例位于耳后部。
手术中发现肿瘤位于皮下，未与乳突或相邻软骨粘连。组织学检查显示，所有标本管腔内均有脱落的鳞状上皮和角蛋白。然而，2例耳后肿物标本可见附属器结构，3例未见到。
皮样囊肿诊断的关键在于是否存在附属器结构。若囊壁无附属器结构，则称为表皮样囊肿或角质囊肿。后天性囊肿最常见的病因是外伤，由表皮碎片植入或向下移位所致。最后，先天性表皮样囊肿生长于耳廓上部；而皮样囊肿生长于耳廓下部和后部。
Zotero 插件
