Bramburger Andrew J, Hamilton Paul B, Haffner G Douglas
Natural Resources Research Institute, University of Minnesota Duluth, Duluth, MN, 55812, USA.
Great Lakes Institute for Environmental Research, University of Windsor, Windsor, ON, N9B3P4, Canada.
Bull Environ Contam Toxicol. 2017 Nov;99(5):542-547. doi: 10.1007/s00128-017-2181-8. Epub 2017 Sep 21.
Habitat homogenization, nutrient enrichment and loss of biodiversity are broadly recognized as the consequences of human activity in aquatic systems. Diatoms (Bacillariophyceae) are frequently used in aquatic environmental assessment and impact monitoring, but in unique habitats dominated by endemic taxa, traditional approaches may not be appropriate. We examined the impacts of long term anthropogenic impacts upon the littoral episammic diatom community around the town of Soroako, located on Lake Matano, an ancient tropical lake. Lake Matano is located on central Sulawesi Island, Indonesia, and socio-economic conditions are typical of developing nations. Although differences in nutrient concentrations were undetectable with field-based spectroscopy approaches, mean Shannon diversity was decreased in association with proximity the town-site. However, mean ß-diversity was maintained despite several decades of shoreline modification at Soroako. Elevated abundances of early-successional diatom taxa in the disturbed area drove differences between areas immediately offshore of Soroako and those farther away. These findings suggest that increased physical disturbance and TSS loads around Soroako, rather than increased nutrient loading, influenced shifts in the diatom community. These results suggest that microscopy-based biomonitoring approaches are sensitive indicators of environmental modification that could be useful in areas where access to cutting-edge analytical equipment is limited.
栖息地同质化、营养物质富集和生物多样性丧失被广泛认为是人类活动对水生系统造成的后果。硅藻（硅藻纲）常用于水生环境评估和影响监测，但在以特有分类群为主的独特栖息地中，传统方法可能并不适用。我们研究了长期人为影响对位于马塔诺湖（一个古老的热带湖泊）畔索罗阿科镇周边沿岸表砂硅藻群落的影响。马塔诺湖位于印度尼西亚苏拉威西岛中部，社会经济状况是发展中国家的典型情况。尽管基于实地光谱学方法无法检测到营养物质浓度的差异，但平均香农多样性与靠近城镇的地点相关而降低。然而，尽管索罗阿科的海岸线经过了数十年的改造，平均β多样性仍得以维持。受干扰地区早期演替硅藻分类群的丰度升高导致了索罗阿科近海区域与较远区域之间的差异。这些发现表明，索罗阿科周边物理干扰和总悬浮固体负荷的增加，而非营养负荷的增加，影响了硅藻群落的变化。这些结果表明，基于显微镜的生物监测方法是环境变化的敏感指标，在获取前沿分析设备有限的地区可能有用。
