The David Hide Asthma and Allergy Research Centre, St Mary's Hospital, Newport, Isle of Wight, UK.
NIHR Biomedical Research Centre, University Hospital Southampton NHS Foundation Trust, Southampton, UK.
Allergy. 2018 Apr;73(4):765-798. doi: 10.1111/all.13317. Epub 2017 Oct 30.
Allergic rhinoconjunctivitis (AR) is an allergic disorder of the nose and eyes affecting about a fifth of the general population. Symptoms of AR can be controlled with allergen avoidance measures and pharmacotherapy. However, many patients continue to have ongoing symptoms and an impaired quality of life; pharmacotherapy may also induce some side-effects. Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) represents the only currently available treatment that targets the underlying pathophysiology, and it may have a disease-modifying effect. Either the subcutaneous (SCIT) or sublingual (SLIT) routes may be used. This Guideline has been prepared by the European Academy of Allergy and Clinical Immunology's (EAACI) Taskforce on AIT for AR and is part of the EAACI presidential project "EAACI Guidelines on Allergen Immunotherapy." It aims to provide evidence-based clinical recommendations and has been informed by a formal systematic review and meta-analysis. Its generation has followed the Appraisal of Guidelines for Research and Evaluation (AGREE II) approach. The process included involvement of the full range of stakeholders. In general, broad evidence for the clinical efficacy of AIT for AR exists but a product-specific evaluation of evidence is recommended. In general, SCIT and SLIT are recommended for both seasonal and perennial AR for its short-term benefit. The strongest evidence for long-term benefit is documented for grass AIT (especially for the grass tablets) where long-term benefit is seen. To achieve long-term efficacy, it is recommended that a minimum of 3 years of therapy is used. Many gaps in the evidence base exist, particularly around long-term benefit and use in children.
变应性鼻结膜炎（AR）是一种影响约五分之一普通人群的鼻和眼过敏疾病。AR 的症状可以通过过敏原回避措施和药物治疗来控制。然而，许多患者仍持续存在症状和生活质量受损的情况；药物治疗也可能引起一些副作用。变应原免疫治疗（AIT）是目前唯一针对潜在病理生理学的治疗方法，并且可能具有疾病修饰作用。可通过皮下（SCIT）或舌下（SLIT）途径进行。本指南由欧洲过敏与临床免疫学学会（EAACI）AR 变应原免疫治疗工作组编写，是 EAACI 主席项目“EAACI 变应原免疫治疗指南”的一部分。它旨在提供基于证据的临床建议，并通过正式的系统评价和荟萃分析提供信息。其制定遵循了评估指南研究与评价（AGREE II）方法。该过程包括了所有利益相关者的参与。一般来说，广泛的证据表明 AR 的 AIT 具有临床疗效，但建议对证据进行特定产品评估。一般来说，SCIT 和 SLIT 推荐用于季节性和常年性 AR，因为其具有短期获益。草类 AIT（特别是草类片剂）具有长期获益，因此具有最强的长期获益证据。为了实现长期疗效，建议至少使用 3 年的治疗。证据基础存在许多空白，特别是在长期获益和儿童使用方面。
