Taxonomic overview of the hyperdiverse ant genus Mayr (Hymenoptera, Formicidae) in India with descriptions and X-ray microtomography of two new species from the Andaman Islands.

With 600 described species, the ant genus represents one of the most species-rich ant radiations. However, much work remains to fully document the hyperdiversity of this remarkable group. , while globally distributed, is thought to have originated in the Afrotropics and is particularly diverse in the Old World. Here, we focus attention on the fauna of India, a region of high biodiversity value and interest for conservation. We overview diversity in India by providing a species list, accounts of all species groups present, an illustrated identification key to Indian species groups and notes on the Indian fauna. Further, we describe two new species, sp. n. and sp. n. from the Andaman Islands archipelago and embed them into currently recognized and species groups. We also provide illustrated species level keys for these groups. Along with detailed species descriptions and high-resolution montage images of types, we provide 3D cybertypes of the new species derived from X-ray micro-computed tomography.