Department of Psychology, Emory University, 36 Eagle Row, Atlanta, GA 30322, United States.
Department of Psychiatry, University of Arkansas for Medical Sciences, 4301W. Markham St #554, Little Rock, AR 72205, United States.
Neuropsychologia. 2018 Feb;110:208-224. doi: 10.1016/j.neuropsychologia.2017.09.020. Epub 2017 Sep 23.
Autobiographical memory (AM), episodic memory for life events, involves the orchestration of multiple dynamic cognitive processes, including memory access and subsequent elaboration. Previous neuroimaging studies have contrasted memory access and elaboration processes in terms of regional brain activation and connectivity within large, multi-region networks. Although interactions between key memory-related regions such as the hippocampus and prefrontal cortex (PFC) have been shown to play an important role in AM retrieval, it remains unclear how such connectivity between specific, individual regions involved in AM retrieval changes dynamically across the retrieval process and how these changes relate to broader memory networks throughout the whole brain. The present functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) study sought to assess the specific changes in interregional connectivity patterns across the AM retrieval processes to understand network level mechanisms of AM retrieval and further test current theoretical accounts of dynamic AM retrieval processes. We predicted that dynamic connections would reflect two hypothesized memory processes, with initial processes reflecting memory-access related connections between regions such as the anterior hippocampal and ventrolateral PFC regions, and later processes reflecting elaboration-related connections between dorsolateral frontal working memory regions and parietal-occipital visual imagery regions. One week prior to fMRI scanning, fifteen healthy adult participants generated AMs using personally selected cue words. During scanning, participants were cued to retrieve the AMs. We used a moving-window functional connectivity analysis and graph theoretic measures to examine dynamic changes in the strength and centrality of connectivity among regions involved in AM retrieval. Consistent with predictions, early, access-related processing primarily involved a ventral frontal to temporal-parietal network associated with strategic search and initial reactivation of specific episodic memory traces. In addition, neural network connectivity during later retrieval processes was associated with strong connections between occipital-parietal regions and dorsal fronto-parietal regions associated with mental imagery, reliving, and working memory processes. Taken together, these current findings help refine and extend dynamic neural processing models of AM retrieval by providing evidence of the specific connections throughout the brain that change in their synchrony with one another as processing progresses from access of specific event memories to elaborative reliving of the past event.
自传体记忆(AM),即对生活事件的情景记忆,涉及到多种动态认知过程的协调,包括记忆访问和随后的详细描述。以前的神经影像学研究已经根据区域大脑激活和大的多区域网络内的连通性来对比记忆访问和详细描述过程。尽管已经表明海马体和前额叶皮层(PFC)等关键记忆相关区域之间的相互作用在 AM 检索中起着重要作用,但仍然不清楚在整个检索过程中,涉及 AM 检索的特定个体区域之间的这种连通性如何动态变化,以及这些变化如何与整个大脑中的更广泛的记忆网络相关。本功能磁共振成像(fMRI)研究旨在评估 AM 检索过程中区域间连通性模式的特定变化,以了解 AM 检索的网络水平机制,并进一步测试动态 AM 检索过程的当前理论解释。我们预测,动态连接将反映两个假设的记忆过程,初始过程反映了区域之间与记忆访问相关的连接,例如前海马体和腹外侧 PFC 区域之间的连接,而后期过程反映了背外侧额叶工作记忆区域和顶枕部视觉意象区域之间的细化相关连接。在 fMRI 扫描前一周,十五名健康成年人使用个人选择的提示词生成 AM。在扫描过程中,参与者被提示检索 AM。我们使用移动窗口功能连接分析和图论测量来检查与 AM 检索相关的区域之间连通性的强度和中心性的动态变化。与预测一致,早期的访问相关处理主要涉及与策略搜索和特定情景记忆痕迹的初始重新激活相关的腹侧额颞网络。此外,后期检索过程中的神经网络连通性与与心理意象、重温和工作记忆过程相关的枕顶区域和背侧额顶区域之间的强连接有关。总之,这些当前的发现通过提供与大脑中特定连接有关的证据,有助于完善和扩展 AM 检索的动态神经处理模型,这些连接在从特定事件记忆的访问到过去事件的详细描述的重新体验的处理过程中,彼此之间的同步性发生变化。
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