年龄与情绪在记忆提取过程中的交互作用：一项事件相关电位研究。
Age-by-Emotion Interactions in Memory Retrieval Processes: An Event-Related Potential Study.
机构信息
Department of Psychology, Boston College, Chestnut Hill, Massachusetts.
出版信息
J Gerontol B Psychol Sci Soc Sci. 2019 Sep 15;74(7):1101-1110. doi: 10.1093/geronb/gbx098.
OBJECTIVES
Although research has identified age-by-emotion interactions in memory performance and in neural recruitment during retrieval, it remains unclear which retrieval processes are affected. The temporal resolution of event-related potentials (ERPs) provides a way to examine different component processes that operate during retrieval.
METHODS
In the present study, younger and older adults encoded neutral and emotional images paired with neutral titles. ERPs were assessed during a recognition memory task in which participants viewed neutral titles and indicated whether each had been presented during encoding.
RESULTS
An age-related posterior-to-anterior shift began in a time window typically associated with recollection-related processes (500-800 ms) while an age-by-emotion interaction occurred only during a later measurement window (800-1,200 ms).
DISCUSSION
These findings suggest an effect of age on mechanisms supporting retrieval of episodic content, prior to post-retrieval processing. The potential relations to different types of detail retrieval are discussed. Further, the later age-by-emotion interactions suggest that age influences the effect of emotion on post-retrieval processes, specifically.
目的
尽管研究已经确定了在记忆表现和检索过程中的神经募集中存在年龄与情绪的交互作用，但仍不清楚哪些检索过程受到影响。事件相关电位（ERP）的时间分辨率为在检索过程中运作的不同组成过程提供了一种检查方法。
方法
在本研究中，年轻和年长的成年人对中性和情感图像进行编码，并与中性标题配对。在再认记忆任务中评估 ERP，参与者查看中性标题并指出每个标题是否在编码过程中呈现。
结果
在与回忆相关的过程（500-800 毫秒）的典型时间窗口中，出现了与年龄相关的从后向前的转移，而仅在较晚的测量窗口（800-1200 毫秒）中出现了年龄与情绪的交互作用。
讨论
这些发现表明，年龄对支持情节内容检索的机制存在影响，这发生在检索后处理之前。讨论了与不同类型的细节检索的潜在关系。此外，较晚的年龄与情绪的交互作用表明，年龄具体影响情绪对检索后处理的影响。
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