[Purification and characterization of S-adenosyl-L-methionine:uroporphyrinogen Ⅲ methyltransferase from Rhodobacter capsulatus SB1003].

Biosynthesis of vitamin B₁₂ (VB₁₂) requires the methylation at positions C-2 and C-7 of the precursor uroporphyrinogen Ⅲ (urogen Ⅲ) to precorrin-2 by S-adenosyl-L-methionine uroporphyrinogen Ⅲ methyltransferase (SUMT), which is a potential bottleneck step. Most of SUMTs are inhibited by urogen Ⅲ and by-product S-adenosyl-L-homocysteine (SAH). In order to mine an SUMT that lacks such an inhibitory property to drive greater flux through the VB₁₂ biosynthetic pathway, we cloned two SUMT genes (RCcobA1, RCcobA2) from Rhodobacter capsulatus SB1003 and expressed them in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3). Thereafter, the two enzymes were purified and their specific activity of 27.3 U/mg, 68.9 U/mg were determined respectively. The latter was 2.4 times higher than PDcobA (27.9 U/mg) from Pseudomonas denitrifican. Additionally, RCcobA2 could tolerate over 70 μmol/L urogen Ⅲ, which has never been reported before. Hence, RCcobA2 can be used as an efficient enzyme to regulate the VB₁₂ metabolic pathway and enhance VB₁₂ production in industrial strains.