Migneron-Foisy Vincent, Bouchard Maryse F, Freeman Ellen E, Saint-Amour Dave
Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Sainte-Justine University Hospital Research Center, Montréal, Québec, Canada.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 2017 Sep 1;58(11):4915-4924. doi: 10.1167/iovs.16-20493.
Previous research suggests that exposure to pesticides might be associated with human myopia, although data were obtained only from highly exposed individuals. The present study aimed to assess whether exposure to organophosphates and pyrethroids in the United States general population was associated with the prevalence of myopia.
Data were obtained from the National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES, years 1999-2008). One-spot urine samples were used to estimate the concentration of several pesticide metabolites. Exposure data and equivalent spherical refraction errors were available for 5147 and 2911 individuals for organophosphates and pyrethroids, respectively. Multiple logistic regression models were used to assess the relation between log10-transformed urinary levels of pesticide metabolites and the risk of moderate (≤-1 and >-5 diopters [D]) and high myopia (≤-5 D) in adolescents (12- to 19-years old) and young adults (20- to 40-years old). Models were adjusted for sex, age, ethnicity, diabetes, creatinine, cadmium and lead concentrations, and income in both age groups, but also for education level and cigarette and alcohol consumption in the adult group.
No association between organophosphates or pyrethroid metabolites and myopia was observed. However, after adjusting for education level and cigarette and alcohol consumption, a statistically significant decreased risk of high myopia in those with a 10-fold increase of dialkyl phosphate metabolites was found in adults but only in men (P < 0.05).
Our results suggest that exposure to organophosphates or pyrethroids do not increase the risk of myopia in the United States general population.
先前的研究表明，接触杀虫剂可能与人类近视有关，尽管相关数据仅来自高暴露个体。本研究旨在评估美国普通人群接触有机磷酸酯和拟除虫菊酯是否与近视患病率相关。
数据来自国家健康与营养检查调查（NHANES，1999 - 2008年）。采用单次尿样估计几种农药代谢物的浓度。分别有5147名和2911名个体可获得有机磷酸酯和拟除虫菊酯的暴露数据及等效球镜屈光不正数据。使用多元逻辑回归模型评估青少年（12至19岁）和年轻人（20至40岁）中农药代谢物的log10转换尿水平与中度（≤ - 1且> - 5屈光度[D]）和高度近视（≤ - 5 D）风险之间的关系。模型针对两个年龄组的性别、年龄、种族、糖尿病、肌酐、镉和铅浓度以及收入进行了调整，同时也针对成年组的教育水平、香烟和酒精消费进行了调整。
未观察到有机磷酸酯或拟除虫菊酯代谢物与近视之间存在关联。然而，在调整教育水平、香烟和酒精消费后，发现成年男性中磷酸二烷基酯代谢物增加10倍的人群中，高度近视风险有统计学意义的降低（P < 0.05）。
我们的结果表明，在美国普通人群中，接触有机磷酸酯或拟除虫菊酯不会增加近视风险。
