Plant Biotechnology Unit, ICAR-Indian Institute of Wheat Barley Research, Karnal, Haryana, India.
J Cell Biochem. 2018 Mar;119(3):2588-2603. doi: 10.1002/jcb.26422. Epub 2017 Nov 24.
Sterol 14α-Demethylase Cytochrome P450 (CYP51) protein involved in ergosterol biosynthesis pathways turn out to be a crucial target for the fungicidal compound. However, the recognition mechanism and dynamic behavior of CYP51 in wheat leaf rust pathogen, Puccinia triticina, is still obscure. Previously, a mutation at position 134 (Y134F) was reported in five European isolates of P. triticina, conversely, structural basis of this mutation remains unclear. To address this problem, three-dimensional structure of CYP51 protein from P. triticina was successfully built using homology modeling approach. To assess the protein structure stability, wild and mutant-type CYP51 proteins bound with azole fungicide was subjected to 50 ns molecular dynamics (MD) simulations run. Observably, the comparative protein-ligand interaction analysis and binding free energy results revealed that impact of the mutation on the thermodynamics and conformational stability of the CYP51 protein was negligible. In addition, we carried out structure-based virtual screening and identified potent novel fungicidal compounds from four different databases and libraries. Consequently, through MD simulation and thermodynamic integration, four novel compounds such as CoCoCo54211 (CoCoCo database), ZINC04089470 (ZINC database), Allyl pyrocatechol 3,4 diacetate (Natural compound library), and 9-octadecenoic acid (Traditional Chinese Medicine database) has been predicted as potent fungicidal compound against CYP51 with XPGlide docking score of -11.41, -13.64, -7.40, and -6.55 kcal/mol, respectively. These compounds were found to form hydrogen bonds with heme group of CYP51, subsequently disturbing the stability and survival of fungus and can be used to control leaf rust in wheat.
甾醇 14α-脱甲基酶细胞色素 P450(CYP51)蛋白参与麦角甾醇生物合成途径,是杀真菌化合物的关键靶标。然而,小麦叶锈病菌 Puccinia triticina 中 CYP51 的识别机制和动态行为仍然不清楚。以前,在来自欧洲的五个 P. triticina 分离株中报道了位置 134 处的突变(Y134F),然而,该突变的结构基础仍不清楚。为了解决这个问题,使用同源建模方法成功构建了来自 P. triticina 的 CYP51 蛋白的三维结构。为了评估蛋白质结构的稳定性,将野生型和突变型 CYP51 蛋白与唑类杀真菌剂结合进行了 50ns 分子动力学(MD)模拟运行。观察到,比较蛋白质-配体相互作用分析和结合自由能结果表明,突变对 CYP51 蛋白的热力学和构象稳定性的影响可以忽略不计。此外,我们进行了基于结构的虚拟筛选,并从四个不同的数据库和文库中鉴定出有效的新型杀真菌化合物。因此,通过 MD 模拟和热力学积分,从 CoCoCo 数据库、ZINC 数据库、天然化合物库和中药数据库中预测出了四种新型化合物,即 CoCoCo54211、ZINC04089470、烯丙基焦儿茶酚 3,4 二乙酸和 9-十八烯酸,作为针对 CYP51 的有效杀真菌化合物,它们与 XPGlide 对接得分分别为-11.41、-13.64、-7.40 和-6.55kcal/mol。这些化合物被发现与 CYP51 的血红素基团形成氢键,从而干扰真菌的稳定性和存活,可以用于控制小麦叶锈病。
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