双生子研究揭示了大脑对食物线索的反应。
What Twin Studies Tell Us About Brain Responses to Food Cues.
机构信息
University of Washington, 325 Ninth Ave, Box 359780, Seattle, WA, 98104-2420, USA.
Johns Hopkins University, 600 N. Wolfe Street, Phipps 300, Baltimore, MD, 21287, USA.
出版信息
Curr Obes Rep. 2017 Dec;6(4):371-379. doi: 10.1007/s13679-017-0282-7.
PURPOSE OF REVIEW
Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) using visual food cues provides insight into brain regulation of appetite in humans. This review sought evidence for genetic determinants of these responses.
RECENT FINDINGS
Echoing behavioral studies of food cue responsiveness, twin study approaches detect significant inherited influences on brain response to food cues. Both polygenic (whole genome) factors and polymorphisms in single genes appear to impact appetite regulation, particularly in brain regions related to satiety perception. Furthermore, genetic confounding might underlie findings linking obesity to stereotypical response patterns on fMRI, i.e., associations with obesity may actually reflect underlying inherited susceptibilities rather than acquired levels of adiposity. Insights from twin studies show that genes powerfully influence brain regulation of appetite, emphasizing the role of inherited susceptibility factors in obesity risk. Future research to delineate mechanisms of inherited obesity risk could lead to novel or more targeted interventional approaches.
目的综述
使用视觉食物线索的功能磁共振成像（fMRI）为人类食欲的大脑调节提供了深入了解。本综述旨在寻找这些反应的遗传决定因素的证据。
最新发现
与食物线索反应的行为研究相呼应，双胞胎研究方法检测到对大脑对食物线索反应的显著遗传影响。多基因（全基因组）因素和单基因的多态性似乎都影响食欲调节，特别是在与饱腹感感知相关的脑区。此外，遗传混杂可能是将肥胖与 fMRI 上的典型反应模式联系起来的原因，即与肥胖相关的发现实际上可能反映了潜在的遗传易感性，而不是获得性的肥胖程度。双胞胎研究的结果表明，基因强烈影响大脑对食欲的调节，强调了遗传易感性因素在肥胖风险中的作用。未来研究阐明遗传肥胖风险的机制可能会导致新的或更有针对性的干预方法。
Zotero 插件