Kretschmer Anna, Schwanbeck Ralf, Valerius Thomas, Rösner Thies
Division of Stem Cell Transplantation and Immunotherapy, Department of Medicine II, University Hospital Schleswig-Holstein and Christian-Albrechts-University, Kiel, Germany.
Transfus Med Hemother. 2017 Sep;44(5):320-326. doi: 10.1159/000479240. Epub 2017 Sep 7.
Compared to the evolutionary diversity of antibody isotypes, the spectrum of currently approved therapeutic antibodies is biased to the human IgG1 isotype. Detailed studies into the different structures and functions of human isotypes have suggested that other isotypes than IgG1 may be advantageous for specific indications - depending on the complex interplay between the targeted antigen or epitope, the desired mode of action, the pharmacokinetic properties, and the biopharmaceutical considerations. Thus, it may be speculated that with the increasing number of antibodies becoming available against a broadening spectrum of target antigens, identification of the optimal antibody isotype for particular therapeutic applications may become critical for the therapeutic success of individual antibodies. Thus, investments into this rather unexplored area of antibody immunotherapy may provide opportunities for distinction in the increasingly busy 'antibody space'. Therefore, IgG, IgA, IgE as well as IgM isotypes will be discussed in this review.
与抗体同种型的进化多样性相比，目前获批的治疗性抗体谱偏向于人类IgG1同种型。对人类同种型不同结构和功能的详细研究表明，除IgG1外的其他同种型可能对特定适应症具有优势——这取决于靶向抗原或表位、期望的作用方式、药代动力学特性以及生物制药方面的复杂相互作用。因此，可以推测，随着针对越来越广泛的靶抗原的抗体数量不断增加，确定特定治疗应用的最佳抗体同种型可能对单个抗体的治疗成功至关重要。因此，对抗体免疫治疗这一尚未充分探索领域的投资可能为在日益繁忙的“抗体领域”中脱颖而出提供机会。因此，本综述将讨论IgG、IgA、IgE以及IgM同种型。
