Grassland Resources and Ecology Research Center, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing, 100083, China.
State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Regional Eco-process and Function Assessment, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing, 100012, China.
Environ Sci Pollut Res Int. 2018 Jan;25(3):2320-2330. doi: 10.1007/s11356-017-0570-5. Epub 2017 Nov 9.
Phosphorus (P) loss with surface runoff accounts for the P input to and acceleration of eutrophication of the freshwater. Many studies have focused on factors affecting P loss with surface runoff from soils, but rarely on the relationship among these factors. In the present study, rainfall simulation on P loss with surface runoff was conducted in Huihe National Nature Reserve, in Hulunbeier grassland, China, and the relationships between P loss with surface runoff, soil properties, and rainfall conditions were examined. Principal component analysis and path analysis were used to analyze the direct and indirect effects on P loss with surface runoff. The results showed that P loss with surface runoff was closely correlated with soil electrical conductivity, soil pH, soil Olsen P, soil total nitrogen (TN), soil total phosphorus (TP), and soil organic carbon (SOC). The main driving factors which influenced P loss with surface runoff were soil TN, soil pH, soil Olsen P, and soil water content. Path analysis and determination coefficient analysis indicated that the standard multiple regression equation for P loss with surface runoff and each main factor was Y = 7.429 - 0.439 soil TN - 6.834 soil pH + 1.721 soil Olsen-P + 0.183 soil water content (r = 0.487, p < 0.01, n = 180). Soil TN, soil pH, soil Olsen P, and soil water content and the interactions between them were the main factors affecting P loss with surface runoff. The effect of physical and chemical properties of undisturbed soils on P loss with surface runoff was discussed, and the soil water content and soil Olsen P were strongly positive influences on the P loss with surface runoff.
磷（P）随地表径流流失是造成淡水富营养化的主要 P 输入和加速因素。许多研究集中在影响土壤中地表径流 P 损失的因素上，但很少关注这些因素之间的关系。本研究在中国呼伦贝尔草原辉河国家级自然保护区进行了地表径流 P 损失的降雨模拟，并研究了地表径流 P 损失与土壤特性和降雨条件之间的关系。主成分分析和路径分析用于分析对地表径流 P 损失的直接和间接影响。结果表明，地表径流 P 损失与土壤电导率、土壤 pH 值、土壤有效磷、土壤全氮（TN）、土壤全磷（TP）和土壤有机碳（SOC）密切相关。影响地表径流 P 损失的主要驱动因素是土壤 TN、土壤 pH 值、土壤有效磷和土壤含水量。路径分析和确定系数分析表明，地表径流 P 损失与各主要因子的标准多元回归方程为 Y=7.429-0.439 土壤 TN-6.834 土壤 pH+1.721 土壤有效磷+0.183 土壤含水量（r=0.487，p<0.01，n=180）。土壤 TN、土壤 pH 值、土壤有效磷和土壤含水量以及它们之间的相互作用是影响地表径流 P 损失的主要因素。讨论了原状土壤理化性质对地表径流 P 损失的影响，土壤含水量和土壤有效磷对地表径流 P 损失有较强的正影响。
