Moldobaeva Marina S, Vinogradova Anastasiya V, Esenamanova Marina K
1 Department of Internal Diseases Propedeutic with Course of Endocrinology, Faculty of Medicine, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named by I.K. Ahunbaev , Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan .
2 Department of Hygiene Disciplines, Kyrgyz State Medical Academy named by I.K. Ahunbaev , Bishkek, Kyrgyzstan .
High Alt Med Biol. 2017 Dec;18(4):428-435. doi: 10.1089/ham.2017.0036. Epub 2017 Nov 10.
Moldobaeva, Marina S., Anastasiya V. Vinogradova, and Marina K. Esenamanova. Risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus development in the native population of low- and high-altitude regions of Kyrgyzstan: Finnish Diabetes Risc Score questionnaire results. High Alt Med Biol. 18:428-435, 2017.
The number of patients with diabetes is steadily growing, but likely only half of all cases are ever identified. The Kyrgyz, native inhabitants of Central Asia, live in the mountainous area and have a particular lifestyle and nutrition. However, the risk of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) in our population is not well defined. Therefore, we aimed at determining the risk of T2DM development in the Kyrgyz population residing in low- and high-altitude (HAlt) regions by using the Finnish Diabetes Risc Score (FINDRISC) questionnaire.
We included in the study 3190 randomly selected participants, including 1780 low-altitude (LAlt) residents (Chu region, 500-1200 m) and 1410 HAlt residents (Naryn region, 2000-4500 m), among whom there were 1207 men and 1983 women. Assessment of T2DM development was conducted by using the FINDRISC questionnaire and risk stratification was performed by region of residency, gender, and age.
An irregular intake of vegetables and fruits, increased waist circumference (WC), and increased body mass index (BMI) were identified as leading risk factors of T2DM development in native residents of Chu and Naryn regions of Kyrgyzstan. The 10-year risk stratification of T2DM development revealed the absence of a very high-risk group; high-risk status was more frequently identified among residents of the LAlt Chu district (4.7% of women and 2.1% of men), as compared with the HAlt population (1.9% of women and 1% of men) (p = 0.0018 for women and p = 0.09 for men).
In the Kyrgyz population, a 10-year high risk of T2DM development is greater among residents of LAlts as compared with HAlts, irrespective of gender. No very high-risk group was detected in residents of low or HAlts. The leading composites of FINDRISC score are increased WC and BMI, possibly due to irregular intake of vegetables and fruits that are dependent on the altitude of residence and age.
莫尔多巴耶娃，玛丽娜·S.，阿纳斯塔西娅·V. 维诺格拉多娃，以及玛丽娜·K. 叶塞纳马诺娃。吉尔吉斯斯坦低海拔和高海拔地区当地人群2型糖尿病发病风险：芬兰糖尿病风险评分问卷结果。《高海拔医学与生物学》。18:428 - 435，2017年。
糖尿病患者数量在稳步增长，但可能仅识别出所有病例的一半左右。吉尔吉斯人是中亚的原住民，生活在山区，有独特的生活方式和饮食习惯。然而，我国人群中2型糖尿病（T2DM）的风险尚未明确界定。因此，我们旨在通过使用芬兰糖尿病风险评分（FINDRISC）问卷来确定居住在低海拔和高海拔（HAlt）地区的吉尔吉斯人群中T2DM发病的风险。
我们纳入了3190名随机选择的参与者，包括1780名低海拔（LAlt）居民（楚河地区，海拔500 - 1200米）和1410名高海拔居民（纳伦地区，海拔2000 - 4500米），其中男性1207名，女性1983名。通过使用FINDRISC问卷对T2DM发病情况进行评估，并按居住地区、性别和年龄进行风险分层。
蔬菜和水果摄入不规律、腰围（WC）增加以及体重指数（BMI）增加被确定为吉尔吉斯斯坦楚河和纳伦地区当地居民T2DM发病的主要风险因素。T2DM发病的10年风险分层显示不存在极高风险组；与高海拔人群（女性1.9%，男性1%）相比，低海拔楚河地区居民中高风险状态更为常见（女性4.7%，男性2.1%）（女性p = 0.0018，男性p = 0.09）。
在吉尔吉斯人群中，无论性别如何，低海拔地区居民发生T2DM的10年高风险高于高海拔地区居民。在低海拔或高海拔地区居民中均未检测到极高风险组。FINDRISC评分的主要综合因素是WC和BMI增加，这可能归因于蔬菜和水果摄入不规律，而这又取决于居住海拔和年龄。
