Combined assessment of nutritional status in patients with peritoneal dialysis using bioelectrical impedance vectors and malnutrition inflammation score.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE

Protein energy wasting (PEW) is a common syndrome in patients with chronic kidney disease, related to changes in hydration status, decreased food intake and inflammation. There are several tools for the assessment and diagnosis of such alterations. Bioimpedance vector analysis (BIVA) assess the state of nutrition and hydration, but not the inflammatory component, while the malnutrition inflammation score (MIS) comprises the inflammatory and nutritional factors, but not the state of hydration. The aim of the study was to determine the concordance between MIS and BIVA to assess nutritional status in peritoneal dialysis patients.

METHODS

We studied 50 patients on peritoneal dialysis which underwent  bioelectrical impedance measurements with an empty peritoneal cavity, also MIS was applied and biochemical parameters were evaluated.

RESULTS

The prevalence of malnutrition with VIBE and MIS was 38% and 24% respectively. Statistically significant differences in body mass index (BMI) and phase angle between normally nourished and wasted patients by both methods were found. Body composition, biochemical parameters and impedance vectors were not statistically different between normally nourished and wasted patients. Concordance between methods was 0.314 (p = 0.019).

CONCLUSIONS

Combined nutritional assessment with MIS and BIVA is necessary for the diagnosis of protein energy wasting syndrome in patients undergoing peritoneal dialysis.