McLean Lisa, Steindl Stanley R, Bambling Matthew
a School of Medicine, Mayne Medical School , University of Queensland , Herston , Queensland , Australia.
b School of Psychology , University of Queensland , St. Lucia , Queensland , Australia.
J Child Sex Abus. 2018 Feb-Mar;27(2):161-175. doi: 10.1080/10538712.2017.1390718. Epub 2017 Nov 13.
Child sexual abuse can have long-term negative impacts across psychological, physical, and interpersonal domains. Some of the common issues for survivors of sexual abuse include shame and self-blame, attachment-based difficulties, avoidant coping strategies, and reduced capacity for self-compassion. Compassion-focused therapy is a transdiagnostic intervention that specifically responds to these concerns. Compassion-focused therapy was originally developed for clients who experience high levels of shame and self-criticism and aims to strengthen the soothing and affiliative system through the cultivation of compassion. This article will highlight the theoretical alignment between some of the common issues and impacts associated with experiences of sexual abuse, with the core underlying principles of compassion-focused therapy. This includes (a) the capacity of the therapy's evolutionary framework to reduce perceptions of self-blame, (b) the cultivation of compassion to respond to feelings of shame, (c) acknowledgment of the role of early attachment experiences and facilitation of corrective affiliative experiences, (d) regulation of the threat-based system following trauma, and (e) provision of an alternative to avoidant-based coping by responding to distress with compassion. It is proposed that the theoretical framework and core focus and aims of compassion-focused therapy are highly applicable for survivors of sexual abuse and therefore holds significant promise as a treatment option for this client group.
儿童性虐待会在心理、身体和人际领域产生长期负面影响。性虐待幸存者的一些常见问题包括羞耻感和自责、基于依恋的困难、回避型应对策略以及自我同情能力下降。以同情为中心的疗法是一种跨诊断干预措施,专门针对这些问题。以同情为中心的疗法最初是为那些有高度羞耻感和自我批评感的客户开发的,旨在通过培养同情心来加强安抚和亲和系统。本文将强调与性虐待经历相关的一些常见问题和影响与以同情为中心的疗法的核心基本原则之间的理论契合度。这包括:(a) 该疗法的进化框架减少自责感的能力;(b) 培养同情心以应对羞耻感;(c) 承认早期依恋经历的作用并促进矫正性亲和经历;(d) 创伤后基于威胁的系统的调节;(e) 通过以同情回应痛苦来提供一种替代回避型应对的方法。有人提出,以同情为中心的疗法的理论框架、核心重点和目标对性虐待幸存者非常适用,因此作为该客户群体的一种治疗选择具有很大的前景。