School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, China.
School of Mechanical Engineering, Beijing Institute of Petrochemical Technology, Beijing 102617, China.
Ultrason Sonochem. 2018 Mar;41:661-669. doi: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2017.09.021. Epub 2017 Sep 19.
Because of characteristics of large density, high viscosity and poor mobility, the processing and transportation of residual oil are difficult and challenging, viscosity reduction of residual oil is of great significance. In this paper, the effects of different placement forms of ultrasonic transducers on the sound pressure distribution of ultrasonic inside a cubic container have been simulated, the characteristics of oil bath heating and ultrasonic viscosity reduction were compared, viscosity reduction rule of residual oil was experimentally analyzed by utilizing Response Surface Method under conditions of changing ultrasonic exposure time, power and action mode, the mechanism of viscosity reduction was studied by applying Fourier transform infrared spectrometer, the viscosity retentivity experiment was carried out at last. Experiments were conducted using two kinds of residual oil, and results show that ultrasonic effect on the viscosity reduction of residual oil is significant, the higher viscosity of residual oil, the better effect of ultrasonic, ultrasonic power and exposure time are the significant factors affecting the viscosity reduction rate of residual oil. The maximum viscosity reduction rate is obtained under condition of ultrasonic power is 900W, exposure time is 14min and action mode of exposure time is 2s and interrupting time is 2s, viscosity reduction rate reaching up to 63.95%. The infrared spectroscopy results show that light component in residual oil increased. The viscosity retentivity experiment results show that the viscosity reduction effect remains very well. This paper can provide data reference for the application of ultrasonic in the field of viscosity reduction for residual oil.
由于稠油密度大、粘度高、流动性差，其加工和运输困难，降粘具有重要意义。本文模拟了不同放置形式的超声波换能器对立方容器内超声波声压分布的影响，对比了油浴加热和超声波降粘的特点，通过响应面法实验分析了在改变超声暴露时间、功率和作用模式的条件下，残余油的降粘规律，利用傅里叶变换红外光谱仪研究了降粘机理，最后进行了粘度保持性实验。实验采用两种稠油进行，结果表明超声对稠油的降粘效果显著，稠油粘度越高，超声效果越好，超声功率和暴露时间是影响稠油降粘率的显著因素。在超声功率为 900W、暴露时间为 14min、暴露时间为 2s 且中断时间为 2s 的条件下，获得最大降粘率为 63.95%。红外光谱结果表明，稠油中的轻组分增加。粘度保持性实验结果表明，降粘效果保持良好。本文可为超声在稠油降粘领域的应用提供数据参考。
