Ribeiro Renato P, Bueno Rodrigo F, Piveli Roque P, Kligerman Débora C, de Mello William Z, Oliveira Jaime L M
Departamento de Geoquímica, Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal Fluminense, Outeiro São João Batista, s/n, Niterói, RJ 24020-141, Brazil.
Departamento de Engenharia Hidráulica e Ambiental, Escola Politécnica, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Professor Almeida Prado, 271, São Paulo, SP 05508-900, Brazil.
Water Sci Technol. 2017 Nov;76(9-10):2337-2349. doi: 10.2166/wst.2017.399.
The continuous measurements of NO emissions from the aeration tanks of three activated sludge wastewater treatment plants (WWTPs) operated with biological nitrogen removal (BNR) and non-BNR were performed during the different operating conditions of several parameters, such as aeration, dissolved oxygen (DO) profiling and organic shock loading (with landfill leachate). The nitrification process is the main driving force behind NO emission peaks. There are indications that the variation of the air flow rate influenced NO emissions; high NO emissions denote over-aeration conditions or incomplete nitrification, with accumulation of NO concentrations. Thus, continuous measurements of NO emissions can provide information on aeration adequacy and the efficiency of complete nitrification, with major focus on DO control, in order to reduce NO emissions. An additional concern is the observed propensity of WWTPs in developing countries to receive landfill leachates in their wastewater systems. This practice could have adverse effects on climate change, since wastewater treatment during periods of organic shock loading emitted significantly higher amounts of NO than without organic shock loading. In short, non-BNR WWTPs are subject to high NO emissions, in contrast to BNR WWTP with controlled nitrification and denitrification processes.
在几个参数的不同运行条件下，如曝气、溶解氧（DO）分布和有机冲击负荷（使用垃圾渗滤液），对三座采用生物脱氮（BNR）和非生物脱氮运行的活性污泥污水处理厂（WWTPs）曝气池中的NO排放进行了连续测量。硝化过程是NO排放峰值背后的主要驱动力。有迹象表明，空气流速的变化会影响NO排放；高NO排放表示曝气过度或硝化不完全，伴有NO浓度的积累。因此，连续测量NO排放可以提供曝气充足性和完全硝化效率的信息，主要侧重于DO控制，以减少NO排放。另一个令人担忧的问题是，发展中国家的污水处理厂有在其废水系统中接收垃圾渗滤液的倾向。这种做法可能会对气候变化产生不利影响，因为在有机冲击负荷期间进行废水处理时排放的NO量明显高于无有机冲击负荷时。简而言之，与具有受控硝化和反硝化过程的BNR污水处理厂相比，非BNR污水处理厂的NO排放量较高。
