Niepel G, Dodt E
Max-Planck Institut für physiologische und klinische Forschung, W.G. Kerckhoff-Institut, Bad Nauheim, Federal Republic of Germany.
Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol. 1989;227(1):45-50. doi: 10.1007/BF02169825.
In man the electroretinogram to pattern reversal stimuli (P-ERG) represents a cone response of the proximal retina, dominated by the cone mechanisms sensitive to red (R) and green (G). Additionally there is a cone mechanism sensitive to blue (B) which can be studied with and without steady exposure to yellow light. During exposure to a superimposed uniform yellow background (576 nm) the transient P-ERG of the B cones is represented by potentials of small amplitude (less than 1 microV). The latency (peak time) of the response is about 30 ms longer than that of the midspectral (R and G) cones. Furthermore, the P-ERG of the B cones saturates at low luminances and exhibits a maximum amplitude at about 460 nm. Without yellow adaptation, the P-ERG of the B cones can be studied only with low-intensity stimuli of short wavelengths. Near threshold, both the long-latency response of the B cones and the short-latency response of the R and G cones are recorded simultaneously, forming a double-peaked wave shape. At suprathreshold luminances, even of short wavelength (435 nm) the P-ERG of the B cones is concealed by the larger short latency response of the midspectral cone mechanism.
在人类中，对模式反转刺激的视网膜电图（P-ERG）代表近端视网膜的视锥细胞反应，主要由对红色（R）和绿色（G）敏感的视锥细胞机制主导。此外，还有一种对蓝色（B）敏感的视锥细胞机制，可在有或无持续黄光照射的情况下进行研究。在叠加均匀黄色背景（576 nm）照射期间，B视锥细胞的瞬态P-ERG由小振幅电位（小于1微伏）表示。该反应的潜伏期（峰值时间）比中光谱（R和G）视锥细胞的潜伏期长约30毫秒。此外，B视锥细胞的P-ERG在低亮度下饱和，并在约460 nm处表现出最大振幅。在没有黄色适应的情况下，只能用短波长的低强度刺激来研究B视锥细胞的P-ERG。在接近阈值时，B视锥细胞的长潜伏期反应和R及G视锥细胞的短潜伏期反应会同时记录下来，形成双峰波形。在阈上亮度下，即使是短波长（435 nm），B视锥细胞的P-ERG也会被中光谱视锥细胞机制较大的短潜伏期反应所掩盖。
