Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea; BK21 Plus Eco-Leader Education Center, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
Division of Environmental Science & Ecological Engineering, College of Life Science & Biotechnology, Korea University, Seoul, 02841, Republic of Korea.
Environ Pollut. 2018 Mar;234:503-512. doi: 10.1016/j.envpol.2017.11.097. Epub 2017 Dec 21.
The tidal flats near Sinduri beach in Taean, Korea, have been severely contaminated by heavy crude oils due to the Korea's worst oil spill accident, say the Hebei Spirit Oil Spill, in 2007. Crude oil compounds, including polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), pose significant environmental damages due to their wide distribution, persistence, high toxicity, mutagenicity, and carcinogenicity. Microbial community of Sinduri beach sediments samples was analyzed by metagenomic data with 16S rRNA gene amplicons. Three phyla (Proteobacteria, Firmicutes, and Bacteroidetes) accounted for approximately ≥93.0% of the total phyla based on metagenomic analysis. Proteobacteria was the dominant phylum in Sinduri beach sediments. Cultivable bacteria were isolated from PAH-enriched cultures, and bacterial diversity was investigated through performing culture characterization followed by molecular biology methods. Sixty-seven isolates were obtained, comprising representatives of Actinobacteria, Firmicutes, α- and γ-Proteobacteria, and Bacteroidetes. PAH catabolism genes, such as naphthalene dioxygenase (NDO) and aromatic ring hydroxylating dioxygenase (ARHDO), were used as genetic markers to assess biodegradation of PAHs in the cultivable bacteria. The ability to degrade PAHs was demonstrated by monitoring the removal of PAHs using a gas chromatography mass spectrometer. Overall, various PAH-degrading bacteria were widely present in Sinduri beach sediments and generally reflected the restored microbial community. Among them, Cobetia marina, Rhodococcus soli, and Pseudoalteromonas agarivorans were found to be significant in degradation of PAHs. This large collection of PAH-degrading strains represents a valuable resource for studies investigating mechanisms of PAH degradation and bioremediation in oil contaminated coastal environment, elsewhere.
韩国泰安 Sinduri 海滩附近的滩涂由于 2007 年发生的“河北精神号”油轮漏油事故，受到了严重的重质原油污染。原油化合物，包括多环芳烃（PAHs），由于其广泛分布、持久性、高毒性、致突变性和致癌性，对环境造成了重大破坏。通过 16S rRNA 基因扩增子的宏基因组数据分析了 Sinduri 海滩沉积物样本中的微生物群落。基于宏基因组分析，三个门（变形菌门、厚壁菌门和拟杆菌门）约占总门的≥93.0%。Sinduri 海滩沉积物中的优势门是变形菌门。从富含 PAH 的培养物中分离出可培养细菌，并通过进行培养特征分析和分子生物学方法研究细菌多样性。获得了 67 个分离株，包括放线菌、厚壁菌、α-和γ-变形菌和拟杆菌的代表。萘二氧酶（NDO）和芳香环羟化二氧酶（ARHDO）等 PAH 代谢基因被用作遗传标记，以评估可培养细菌中 PAHs 的生物降解。通过使用气相色谱质谱监测 PAHs 的去除来证明 PAHs 的降解能力。总的来说，各种 PAH 降解细菌广泛存在于 Sinduri 海滩沉积物中，总体上反映了微生物群落的恢复。其中，Cobetia marina、Rhodococcus soli 和 Pseudoalteromonas agarivorans 被发现对 PAHs 的降解具有重要作用。这一大批 PAH 降解菌株代表了一个有价值的资源，可用于研究在受污染的沿海环境中 PAH 降解和生物修复的机制。
