Kelly D H
Visual Sciences Program, SRI International, Menlo Park, California 94025.
J Opt Soc Am A. 1989 Jan;6(1):98-105. doi: 10.1364/josaa.6.000098.
The relation between retinal inhomogeneity and motion in depth was explored by means of a circularly symmetric but nonuniform stimulus pattern, designed to fit the inhomogeneity of the subject's retina. Radial motion of the quasi-sinusoidal rings of this target evokes an illusion of motion in depth: forward if the frontal-plane motion is centrifugal, backward if it is centripetal. Like the Plateau spiral, this stimulus produces strong motion aftereffects (MAE's) over a wide range of spatial and temporal frequencies. Over a much more limited frequency range, the forward MAE is significantly more adaptable than the backward MAE. This forward effect was found to occur only at very low spatial frequencies (approximately 0.05-0.5 cycles/deg at the fovea) and velocities near 20 deg/sec. The effect was destroyed by decentering the target or by varying its homogeneity so that it no longer matched the retina. These results suggest a hard-wired collision-avoidance system.
通过一种圆形对称但不均匀的刺激模式，研究了视网膜不均匀性与深度运动之间的关系，该模式旨在匹配受试者视网膜的不均匀性。这个目标的准正弦环的径向运动会引发深度运动错觉：如果额平面运动是离心的，则向前；如果是向心的，则向后。与普拉托螺旋一样，这种刺激在广泛的空间和时间频率范围内会产生强烈的运动后效（MAE）。在更有限的频率范围内，向前的MAE比向后的MAE明显更具适应性。发现这种向前的效果仅在非常低的空间频率（中央凹处约为0.05 - 0.5周期/度）和接近20度/秒的速度下出现。通过使目标偏心或改变其均匀性，使其不再与视网膜匹配，这种效果就会被破坏。这些结果表明存在一个硬连线的防撞系统。
