特定职业的力量可预测穿着加权服时与宇航员相关的任务表现。

Taylor Andrew, Kotarsky Christopher J, Bond Colin W, Hackney Kyle J

Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018 Jan 1;89(1):58-62. doi: 10.3357/AMHP.4961.2018.

BACKGROUND

Future space missions beyond low Earth orbit will require deconditioned astronauts to perform occupationally relevant tasks within a planetary spacesuit. The prediction of time-to-completion (TTC) of astronaut tasks will be critical for crew safety, autonomous operations, and mission success. This exploratory study determined if the addition of task-specific strength testing to current standard lower body testing would enhance the prediction of TTC in a 1-G test battery.

METHODS

Eight healthy participants completed NASA lower body strength tests, occupationally specific strength tests, and performed six task simulations (hand drilling, construction wrenching, incline walking, collecting weighted samples, and dragging an unresponsive crewmember to safety) in a 48-kg weighted suit. The TTC for each task was recorded and summed to obtain a total TTC for the test battery. Linear regression was used to predict total TTC with two models: 1) NASA lower body strength tests; and 2) NASA lower body strength tests + occupationally specific strength tests.

RESULTS

Total TTC of the test battery ranged from 20.2-44.5 min. The lower body strength test alone accounted for 61% of the variability in total TTC. The addition of hand drilling and wrenching strength tests accounted for 99% of the variability in total TTC.

DISCUSSION

Adding occupationally specific strength tests (hand drilling and wrenching) to standard lower body strength tests successfully predicted total TTC in a performance test battery within a weighted suit. Future research should couple these strength tests with higher fidelity task simulations to determine the utility and efficacy of task performance prediction.Taylor A, Kotarsky CJ, Bond CW, Hackney KJ. Occupational-specific strength predicts astronaut-related task performance in a weighted suit. Aerosp Med Hum Perform. 2018; 89(1):58-62.

背景

未来的低地球轨道以外的太空任务将要求身体机能下降的宇航员在行星太空服内执行与职业相关的任务。预测宇航员任务的完成时间（TTC）对于机组人员安全、自主操作和任务成功至关重要。这项探索性研究确定，在当前标准的下肢测试中增加特定任务的力量测试是否会增强在1-G测试组中对TTC的预测。

方法

八名健康参与者完成了美国国家航空航天局（NASA）的下肢力量测试、特定职业的力量测试，并在穿着48公斤重的太空服的情况下进行了六项任务模拟（手持钻孔、使用施工扳手、斜坡行走、收集加重样本以及将无反应的机组人员拖至安全地带）。记录每项任务的TTC并求和，以获得测试组的总TTC。使用线性回归通过两个模型预测总TTC：1）NASA下肢力量测试；2）NASA下肢力量测试+特定职业的力量测试。

结果

测试组的总TTC在20.2 - 44.5分钟之间。仅下肢力量测试就占总TTC变异性的61%。增加手持钻孔和扳手力量测试后占总TTC变异性的99%。

讨论

在标准下肢力量测试中增加特定职业的力量测试（手持钻孔和扳手）成功预测了穿着加重太空服进行性能测试组中的总TTC。未来的研究应将这些力量测试与更高保真度的任务模拟相结合，以确定任务性能预测的实用性和有效性。泰勒A、科塔尔斯基CJ、邦德CW、哈克尼KJ。特定职业力量预测穿着加重太空服时与宇航员相关的任务表现。航空航天医学与人类表现。2018年；89(1):58 - 62。