Department of Animal Sciences, Purdue University, West Lafayette, IN 47907.
Archer Daniels Midland Company, Animal Nutrition, Quincy, IL 62301.
J Dairy Sci. 2018 Mar;101(3):2027-2036. doi: 10.3168/jds.2017-13180. Epub 2017 Dec 14.
Chemical treatment may improve the nutritional value of corn crop residues, commonly referred to as corn stover, and the potential use of this feed resource for ruminants, including lactating dairy cows. The objective of this study was to determine the effect of prestorage chopping, hydration, and treatment of corn stover with Ca(OH) on the feeding value for milk production, milk composition, and dry matter intake (DMI). Multiparous mid-lactation Holstein cows (n = 30) were stratified by parity and milk production and randomly assigned to 1 of 3 diets. Corn stover was chopped, hydrated, and treated with 6% Ca(OH) (as-fed basis) and stored in horizontal silo bags. Cows received a control (CON) total mixed ration (TMR) or a TMR in which a mixture of treated corn stover and distillers grains replaced either alfalfa haylage (AHsub) or alfalfa haylage and an additional portion of corn silage (AH+CSsub). Treated corn stover was fed in a TMR at 0, 15, and 30% of the diet DM for the CON, AHsub, and AH+CSsub diets, respectively. Cows were individually fed in tiestalls for 10 wk. Milk production was not altered by treatment. Compared with the CON diet, DMI was reduced when the AHsub diet was fed and tended to be reduced when cows were fed the AH+CSsub diet (25.9, 22.7, and 23.1 ± 0.88 kg/d for CON, AHsub, and AH+CSsub diets, respectively). Energy-corrected milk production per unit of DMI (kg/kg) tended to increase with treated corn stover feeding. Milk composition, energy-corrected milk production, and energy-corrected milk per unit of DMI (kg/kg) were not different among treatments for the 10-wk feeding period. Cows fed the AHsub and AH+CSsub diets had consistent DMI over the 10-wk treatment period, whereas DMI for cows fed the CON diet increased slightly over time. Milk production was not affected by the duration of feeding. These data indicate that corn stover processing, prestorage hydration, and treatment with calcium hydroxide can serve as an alternative to traditional haycrop and corn silage in diets fed to mid-lactation dairy cows.
化学处理可以提高玉米秸秆（通常称为玉米秸秆）的营养价值，以及这种饲料资源在反刍动物（包括泌乳奶牛）中的潜在用途。本研究的目的是确定在青贮前切碎、加水和用 Ca(OH)处理玉米秸秆对产奶量、乳成分和干物质采食量（DMI）的影响。将 30 头经产泌乳荷斯坦奶牛（n=30）按胎次和产奶量分层，并随机分配到 3 种日粮中的 1 种。将玉米秸秆切碎、加水并以 6% Ca(OH)（基础干物质）处理，并储存在水平青贮袋中。奶牛接受对照（CON）全混合日粮（TMR）或用处理后的玉米秸秆和酒糟混合物替代部分苜蓿干草青贮（AHsub）或苜蓿干草青贮和额外部分玉米青贮（AH+CSsub）的 TMR。在 CON、AHsub 和 AH+CSsub 日粮中，分别以日粮干物质的 0、15 和 30%的比例将处理后的玉米秸秆饲喂在 TMR 中。奶牛在饲槽中单独饲养 10 周。处理对产奶量没有影响。与 CON 日粮相比，当饲喂 AHsub 日粮时，DMI 减少，当饲喂 AH+CSsub 日粮时，DMI 趋于减少（CON、AHsub 和 AH+CSsub 日粮的 DMI 分别为 25.9、22.7 和 23.1±0.88kg/d）。每单位 DMI 的能量校正奶产量（kg/kg）随着处理后的玉米秸秆的饲喂而增加。在 10 周的饲喂期间，处理之间的乳成分、能量校正奶产量和每单位 DMI 的能量校正奶产量（kg/kg）没有差异。饲喂 AHsub 和 AH+CSsub 日粮的奶牛在 10 周的处理期间 DMI 保持一致，而饲喂 CON 日粮的奶牛 DMI 随时间略有增加。产奶量不受饲喂时间的影响。这些数据表明，在泌乳中期奶牛的日粮中，玉米秸秆加工、青贮前加水和用氢氧化钙处理可以替代传统的干草和玉米青贮。
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