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背景和个体特征调节边境牧羊犬中催产素受体基因多态性与社会行为之间的关联。

Context and Individual Characteristics Modulate the Association between Oxytocin Receptor Gene Polymorphism and Social Behavior in Border Collies.

作者信息

Turcsán Borbála, Range Friederike, Rónai Zsolt, Koller Dóra, Virányi Zsófia

机构信息

Comparative Cognition and Wolf Science Center, Messerli Research Institute, University of Veterinary Medicine Vienna, Medical University of Vienna, University of Vienna, Vienna, Austria.

Institute of Cognitive Neuroscience and Psychology, Research Centre for Natural Sciences, Hungarian Academy of Sciences, Budapest, Hungary.

出版信息

Front Psychol. 2017 Dec 19;8:2232. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02232. eCollection 2017.

Abstract

Recent studies suggest that the relationship between endogenous oxytocin and social affiliative behavior can be critically moderated by contextual and individual factors in humans. While oxytocin has been shown to influence human-directed affiliative behaviors in dogs, no study investigated yet how such factors moderate these effects. Our study aimed to investigate whether the context and the dogs' individual characteristics moderate the associations between the social affiliative (greeting) behavior and four single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the oxytocin receptor () gene. We recorded the greeting behavior in three contexts: (1) when the dog first met an unfamiliar experimenter, (2) during a separation from the owner, and (3) after the experimenter approached the dog in a threatening manner. In the latter two contexts (during separation and after threatening), we categorized the dogs into stressed and non-stressed groups based on their behavior in the preceding situations. In line with previous studies, we found that polymorphisms in the gene are related to the greeting behavior of dogs. However, we also showed that the analyzed SNPs were associated with greeting in different contexts and in different individuals, suggesting that the four SNPs might be related to different functions of the oxytocin system. The -213A/G was associated with greeting only when the dog had no prior negative experience with the experimenter. The rs8679682 was found in association with greeting in all three contexts but these associations were significant only in non-stressed dogs. The -94T/C was associated with greeting only when the dog was stressed and had an interaction with the sex of the dog. The -74C/G SNP was associated with greeting only when the dog was stressed during separation and also had a sex interaction. Taken together, our results suggest that, similarly to humans, the effects of oxytocin on the dogs' social behavior are not universal, but constrained by features of situations and individuals. Understanding these constraints helps further clarify how oxytocin mediates social behavior which, in the long run, could improve the application of oxytocin in pharmacotherapy.

摘要

最近的研究表明,内源性催产素与社会亲和行为之间的关系可能会受到人类情境和个体因素的关键调节。虽然催产素已被证明会影响狗对人类的亲和行为,但尚无研究调查这些因素如何调节这些影响。我们的研究旨在调查情境和狗的个体特征是否会调节社会亲和(问候)行为与催产素受体()基因的四个单核苷酸多态性(SNP)之间的关联。我们在三种情境下记录了问候行为:(1)当狗首次遇到不熟悉的实验者时;(2)与主人分离期间;(3)实验者以威胁方式接近狗之后。在后两种情境(分离期间和威胁之后)中,我们根据狗在前述情境中的行为将其分为应激组和非应激组。与先前的研究一致,我们发现基因中的多态性与狗的问候行为有关。然而,我们还表明,所分析的SNP在不同情境和不同个体中与问候行为相关,这表明这四个SNP可能与催产素系统的不同功能有关。-213A/G仅在狗对实验者没有先前负面经历时与问候行为相关。rs8679682在所有三种情境中均与问候行为相关,但这些关联仅在非应激狗中显著。-94T/C仅在狗处于应激状态且与狗的性别有相互作用时与问候行为相关。-74C/G SNP仅在狗在分离期间处于应激状态且也有性别相互作用时与问候行为相关。综上所述,我们的结果表明,与人类相似,催产素对狗社会行为的影响并非普遍存在,而是受到情境和个体特征的限制。了解这些限制有助于进一步阐明催产素如何介导社会行为,从长远来看,这可能会改善催产素在药物治疗中的应用。

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