Angle Orthod. 2018 May;88(3):283-291. doi: 10.2319/083017-584.1. Epub 2018 Jan 16.
To analyze differences in upper cervical spine and craniofacial morphology, including posterior cranial fossa and growth prediction signs, between Danish and South Korean pre-orthodontic skeletal Class II children and to analyze associations between upper cervical spine morphology and craniofacial characteristics.
One hundred forty-six skeletal Class II children-93 Danes (54 boys and 39 girls, mean age 12.2 years) and 53 Koreans (27 boys and 26 girls, mean age 10.8 years)-were included. Upper spine morphology, Atlas dimensions, and craniofacial morphology, including posterior cranial fossa and growth prediction signs, were assessed on lateral cephalograms. Differences and associations were analyzed by multiple linear and logistic regression analyses adjusted for age and gender.
Significant differences between the ethnic groups were found in the sagittal and vertical craniofacial dimensions ( P < .001), mandibular shape ( P < .01), dental relationship ( P < .01), posterior cranial fossa ( P < .05), and growth prediction signs ( P < .001). No significant differences were found in upper spine morphology and Atlas dimensions between the groups. Upper spine morphology/dimensions were significantly associated with the cranial base angle ( P < .01), sagittal craniofacial dimensions ( P < .001), posterior cranial fossa ( P < .001), and growth prediction signs ( P < .05).
Upper spine morphology/dimensions may be valuable as predictive factors in treatment planning for growing Class II children.
分析丹麦和韩国正畸前骨性 II 类儿童的上颈椎和颅面形态的差异，包括颅后窝和生长预测指标，并分析上颈椎形态与颅面特征之间的关系。
共纳入 146 例骨性 II 类儿童，93 名丹麦儿童（54 名男孩和 39 名女孩，平均年龄 12.2 岁）和 53 名韩国儿童（27 名男孩和 26 名女孩，平均年龄 10.8 岁）。侧位头颅侧位片评估上脊柱形态、寰椎尺寸和颅面形态，包括颅后窝和生长预测指标。通过多元线性和逻辑回归分析，在调整年龄和性别后，分析差异和相关性。
两组间在矢状面和垂直颅面尺寸（P <.001）、下颌形状（P <.01）、牙颌关系（P <.01）、颅后窝（P <.05）和生长预测指标（P <.001）方面存在显著差异。两组间的上颈椎形态和寰椎尺寸无显著差异。上颈椎形态/尺寸与颅底角（P <.01）、矢状面颅面尺寸（P <.001）、颅后窝（P <.001）和生长预测指标（P <.05）显著相关。
上颈椎形态/尺寸可能是预测生长性 II 类儿童治疗计划的有价值的因素。
