Koziorowska Anna, Waszkiewicz Ewa Monika, Romerowicz-Misielak Maria, Zglejc-Waszak Kamila, Franczak Anita
Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, University of Rzeszow, ul. Rejtana 16c, 35-959 Rzeszow, Poland; Laboratory of Bioelectromagnetism, Institute of Biotechnology, University of Rzeszow, Werynia 502, 36-100 Kolbuszowa, Poland.
Department of Animal Physiology, Faculty of Biology and Biotechnology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowski Str. 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
Theriogenology. 2018 Apr 1;110:86-95. doi: 10.1016/j.theriogenology.2017.12.041. Epub 2018 Jan 9.
An electromagnetic field (EMF) of extremely low frequency may affect physiological processes in mammals. The aim of the present study was to determine the effect of an EMF on the synthesis and secretion of oestradiol-17β (E) in the porcine uterus. Endometrial and myometrial slices were harvested on days 12-13 of the oestrous cycle and exposed in vitro to an EMF (50 and 120 Hz, 8 mT) for 2 and 4 h in the presence or absence of progesterone (P). Subsequently, the incubation media were used to determine the concentration of E with RIA. Tissues fragments were used to study the expression of CYP19A3 mRNA using Real-Time PCR and the abundance of P450 aromatase using Western Blotting. The 50-Hz EMF increased E release from the endometrium and the myometrium at both time points of in vitro incubation. A 120-Hz EMF decreased the endometrial secretion of E after 2 h of incubation and did not affect E secretion after 4 h. In the myometrium, the 120-Hz EMF increased E secretion after 4 h of incubation. In P-treated uterine fragments, no significant EMF exposition-related changes were observed. Only myometrial fragments incubated in the presence of P at 120-Hz EMF (4 h) released higher amounts of E due to EMF treatment. The 50-Hz EMF exposure did not change the CYP19A3 mRNA expression in endometrial fragments incubated in the presence or absence of P. In myometrial fragments, the highest CYP19A3 mRNA expression was observed in fragments not exposed to the 50-Hz EMF and P-treated tissues compared to that in fragments exposed to 50 Hz EMF and incubated with or without P and control (no EMF and no P) fragments. The EMF at 120 Hz decreased basal endometrial CYP19A3 mRNA expression and did not change the expression in the P-treated endometrium. In the myometrium, the EMF at 120 Hz increased CYP19A3 mRNA expression in slices incubated without P and had no effect in the presence of P. The EMF exposure (50 and 120 Hz) did not affect P450 aromatase abundance in either the endometrium or the myometrium. In conclusion, the EMF induces changes in the synthesis and release of E in uterine tissues harvested during days 12-13 of the oestrous cycle. These changes are related to the EMF frequency used, the time of the exposition and the presence of P. We suspect that this observed phenomenon might lead to changes in the intrauterine milieu of oestrogen, which is crucial for the proper activity of uterine tissues during the mid-luteal phase of the oestrous cycle.
极低频电磁场（EMF）可能会影响哺乳动物的生理过程。本研究的目的是确定电磁场对猪子宫中雌二醇 - 17β（E）合成与分泌的影响。在发情周期的第12 - 13天采集子宫内膜和子宫肌层切片，在有或无孕酮（P）存在的情况下，于体外将其暴露于电磁场（50和120Hz，8mT）中2小时和4小时。随后，使用放射免疫分析法（RIA）测定孵育培养基中E的浓度。使用实时聚合酶链反应（Real-Time PCR）研究组织碎片中CYP19A3 mRNA的表达，并使用蛋白质免疫印迹法（Western Blotting）研究P450芳香化酶的丰度。50Hz的电磁场在体外孵育的两个时间点均增加了子宫内膜和子宫肌层中E的释放。120Hz的电磁场在孵育2小时后降低了子宫内膜中E的分泌，而在孵育4小时后对E分泌没有影响。在子宫肌层中，120Hz的电磁场在孵育4小时后增加了E的分泌。在经P处理的子宫碎片中，未观察到与电磁场暴露相关的显著变化。仅在120Hz电磁场（4小时）下于P存在时孵育的子宫肌层碎片由于电磁场处理释放了更多的E。50Hz的电磁场暴露在有或无P存在的情况下孵育的子宫内膜碎片中均未改变CYP19A3 mRNA的表达。在子宫肌层碎片中，与暴露于50Hz电磁场并在有或无P的情况下孵育的碎片以及对照（无电磁场和无P）碎片相比，在未暴露于50Hz电磁场和经P处理的组织中观察到最高的CYP19A3 mRNA表达。120Hz的电磁场降低了子宫内膜CYP19A3 mRNA的基础表达，并且在经P处理的子宫内膜中未改变其表达。在子宫肌层中，120Hz的电磁场在无P孵育的切片中增加了CYP19A3 mRNA的表达，而在有P存在时没有影响。电磁场暴露（50和120Hz）对子宫内膜或子宫肌层中P450芳香化酶的丰度均无影响。总之，电磁场诱导发情周期第12 - 13天采集的子宫组织中E的合成与释放发生变化。这些变化与所使用的电磁场频率、暴露时间和P的存在有关。我们怀疑这种观察到的现象可能导致子宫内雌激素环境的变化，这对于发情周期黄体中期子宫组织的正常活动至关重要。
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