We evaluate whether the consumption of fructose for 8 weeks affects enzymes and transcription factors of the lipogenic and inflammatory pathways in the hypothalamus of Wistar rats. At 30 days, the animals were divided into groups: Control (C) and Fructose (F) and maintained with free access to feed and filtered water (C) or aqueous solution of purified fructose at 20% (F). RT-PCR and Western blotting were performed for the target genes and proteins. In F group, results showed a lower feed intake, an increase in glycemia (146.20 ± 6.09 vs. 102.32 ± 4.58; : 9) and triacylglycerol (F: 191.65 ± 13.51 vs. C: 131.69 ± 6.49; : 9) and there was no difference in water and energy consumption. We identified a higher content of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC) (F: 133.93 ± 5.58 vs. C: 100 ± 0.0; : 9-10) and NFκB (F: 125.5 ± 8.85 vs. C: 100 ± 0; : 14) in group F, whereas fatty acid synthase (FAS) was lower (F: 85.90 ± 4.81 vs. C: 100 ± 0.0; : 4-6). SREBP-1c gene expression was higher in F vs. C group (F: 4.08 ± 0.44 vs. C: 1.13 ± 0.15; : 5-6), although we did not found difference between groups in the gene expression for ACC, SREBP-2, and NFκB. Dietary fructose can change important lipogenic and inflammatory factors in the hypothalamus of rats and it leads to regulation of transcription factors before changes in body mass are evident.