Department of Sport and Exercise Science, University of Central Lancashire, Larnaca, Cyprus.
J Strength Cond Res. 2018 Feb;32(2):356-363. doi: 10.1519/JSC.0000000000001810.
Marcos, MA, Koulla, PM, and Anthos, ZI. Preseason maximal aerobic power in professional soccer players among different divisions. J Strength Cond Res 32(2): 356-363, 2018-The purpose of this study was to examine and compare the anthropometric, maximal oxygen uptake (V[Combining Dot Above]O2max), and positional differences of first division (D1) professional football players from players of second (D2) and third (D3) divisions in Cyprus football leagues. Four hundred twenty-one professional male football players participated in this study. All subjects underwent anthropometric and body composition evaluation. In addition, they performed an incremental cardiopulmonary exercise testing (CPET) on a treadmill for V[Combining Dot Above]O2max evaluation. The results were analyzed using 1-way analysis of variance, between subjects design revealing significant effects among the divisions. Tukey's honest significant difference (HSD) tests demonstrated that players from D1 scored significantly higher on V[Combining Dot Above]O2max and lasted significantly longer on the treadmill than participants of D2 and D3 (p ≤ 0.05). Similar findings were demonstrated when D2 was contrasted against D3 players. Goalkeepers, defenders, and forwards demonstrated significantly higher anthropometric measurements, whereas wingers and midfielders demonstrated significantly higher V[Combining Dot Above]O2max (p ≤ 0.05) than goalkeepers and defenders. The findings of this study clearly demonstrated that cardiovascular fitness, as determined by CPET, is an important fitness parameter that differentiates professional football players who play at a more advanced level. This could be attributed to the different seasonal schedules that allow for longer transition time for lower division players and thus favoring greater detraining effects. Emphasis should be given by fitness professionals on transition period training to minimize the detraining effects especially in lower divisions.
马科斯、M.A.、库拉、P.M. 和安东尼奥斯、Z.I.。不同级别职业足球运动员的赛季前最大有氧能力。J 力量与体能研究 32(2):356-363,2018-本研究的目的是检查和比较塞浦路斯足球联赛中来自第一级别（D1）职业足球运动员的人体测量学、最大摄氧量（V[Combining Dot Above]O2max）和位置差异，以及第二级别（D2）和第三级别（D3）的足球运动员。421 名职业男性足球运动员参与了这项研究。所有受试者均接受了人体测量和身体成分评估。此外，他们还在跑步机上进行了递增心肺运动测试（CPET），以评估 V[Combining Dot Above]O2max。结果使用 1 方差分析进行分析，受试者间设计揭示了各部门之间的显著影响。图基诚实显著差异（HSD）测试表明，来自 D1 的球员在 V[Combining Dot Above]O2max 上得分显著更高，在跑步机上的持续时间也显著长于 D2 和 D3 的参与者（p ≤ 0.05）。当 D2 与 D3 球员进行对比时，也得出了类似的结果。守门员、后卫和前锋的人体测量学测量值明显较高，而边锋和中场球员的 V[Combining Dot Above]O2max 明显较高（p ≤ 0.05），高于守门员和后卫。这项研究的结果清楚地表明，心肺适能，由 CPET 确定，是区分在更高水平上比赛的职业足球运动员的重要体能参数。这可能归因于不同的赛季时间表，允许较低级别的球员有更长的过渡时间，从而有利于更大的去训练效果。体能专业人员应重视过渡时期的训练，以尽量减少去训练效果，特别是在较低级别。
