Burnakis T G, Hildebrandt N B
Rev Infect Dis. 1986 Jan-Feb;8(1):86-116. doi: 10.1093/clinids/8.1.86.
Pelvic inflammatory disease accounts for 5%-20% of hospital admissions for gynecologic problems and is associated with health care costs of more than 1 billion dollars annually. This article reviews the epidemiology, polymicrobial etiology, and diagnosis of this disease state. Special consideration is given to in vivo and in vitro studies of antimicrobial therapy, including both established regimens and expanded-spectrum beta-lactam antibiotics. The adjunctive modalities reviewed include treatment of sexual contacts, removal of intrauterine devices, use of alternative contraceptive methods associated with a reduced risk of disease, and surgery. Although understanding of pelvic inflammatory disease has increased markedly, investigation of its various aspects is both necessary and ongoing. In particular, well-designed, controlled, comparative clinical trials of new treatment regimens must be performed to verify a true advantage of these therapies.
盆腔炎占妇科问题住院病例的5%-20%，每年相关医疗费用超过10亿美元。本文综述了这种疾病状态的流行病学、多种微生物病因及诊断。特别关注了抗菌治疗的体内和体外研究，包括既定方案和广谱β-内酰胺抗生素。综述的辅助治疗方法包括对性伴侣的治疗、取出宫内节育器、使用与疾病风险降低相关的替代避孕方法以及手术。尽管对盆腔炎的认识已显著提高，但对其各个方面的研究仍很必要且正在进行。特别是，必须开展设计良好、对照、比较的新治疗方案临床试验，以验证这些疗法的真正优势。
