Remião Mariana H, Segatto Natalia V, Pohlmann Adriana, Guterres Silvia S, Seixas Fabiana K, Collares Tiago
Biotechnology Graduate Program, Molecular and Cellular Oncology Research Group, Laboratory of Cancer Biotechnology, Technology Development Center, Federal University of Pelotas, Pelotas, Brazil.
Post-graduation Program in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Federal University of Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, Brazil.
Front Pharmacol. 2018 Jan 11;8:994. doi: 10.3389/fphar.2017.00994. eCollection 2017.
Reproductive medicine is a field of science which searches for new alternatives not only to help couples achieve pregnancy and preserve fertility, but also to diagnose and treat diseases which can impair the normal operation of the reproductive tract. Assisted reproductive technology (ART) is a set of methodologies applied to cases related to infertility. Despite being highly practiced worldwide, ART presents some challenges, which still require special attention. Nanotechnology, as a tool for reproductive medicine, has been considered to help overcome some of those impairments. Over recent years, nanotechnology approaches applied to reproductive medicine have provided strategies to improve diagnosis and increase specificity and sensitivity. For embryo production, studies in non-human models have been used to deliver molecules to gametes and embryos. The exploration of nanotechnology for ART would bring great advances. In this way, experiments in non-human models to test the development and safety of new protocols using nanomaterials are very important for informing potential future employment in humans. This paper presents recent developments in nanotechnology regarding impairments still faced by ART: ovary stimulation, multiple pregnancy, and genetic disorders. New perspectives for further use of nanotechnology in reproductive medicine studies are also discussed.
生殖医学是一门科学领域，它不仅寻求新的方法来帮助夫妇实现怀孕并保持生育能力，还致力于诊断和治疗可能损害生殖道正常功能的疾病。辅助生殖技术（ART）是应用于不孕症相关病例的一系列方法。尽管ART在全球范围内广泛应用，但它也带来了一些挑战，仍需特别关注。纳米技术作为生殖医学的一种工具，被认为有助于克服其中的一些障碍。近年来，应用于生殖医学的纳米技术方法提供了改善诊断、提高特异性和灵敏度的策略。对于胚胎生产，非人类模型的研究已被用于将分子递送至配子和胚胎。纳米技术在ART中的探索将带来巨大进展。通过这种方式，在非人类模型中测试使用纳米材料的新方案的发育和安全性的实验，对于为未来在人类中的潜在应用提供信息非常重要。本文介绍了纳米技术在ART仍面临的障碍方面的最新进展：卵巢刺激、多胎妊娠和遗传疾病。还讨论了纳米技术在生殖医学研究中进一步应用的新前景。
