Bioproduct Chemistry, Department of Bioproducts and Biosystems, School of Chemical Engineering, Aalto University, P.O. Box 16300, FI-00076 Aalto, Espoo, Finland.
VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Espoo, Finland.
Enzyme Microb Technol. 2018 Apr;111:48-56. doi: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2018.01.005. Epub 2018 Jan 10.
Cross-linked and decolorized lignin nanoparticles (LNPs) were prepared enzymatically and chemically from softwood Kraft lignin. Colloidal lignin particles (CLPs, ca. 200 nm) in a non-malodorous aqueous dispersion could be dried and redispersed in tetrahydrofuran (THF) or in water retaining their stability i.e. spherical shape and size. Two fungal laccases, Trametes hirsuta (ThL) and Melanocarpus albomyces (MaL) were used in the cross-linking reactions. Reactivity of ThL and MaL on Lignoboost™ lignin and LNPs was confirmed by high performance size exclusion chromatography (HPSEC) and oxygen consumption measurements with simultaneous detection of red-brown color due to the formation of quinones. Zeta potential measurements verified oxidation of LNPs via formation of surface-oriented carboxylic acid groups. Dynamic light scattering (DLS) revealed minor changes in the particle size distributions of LNPs after laccase catalyzed radicalization, indicating preferably covalent intraparticular cross-linking over polymerization. Changes in the surface morphology of laccase treated LNPs were imaged by atomic force (AFM) and transmission emission (TEM) microscopy. Furthermore, decolorization of LNPs without degradation was obtained using ultrasonication with HO in alkaline reaction conditions. The research results have high impact for the utilization of Kraft lignin as nanosized colloidal particles in advanced bionanomaterial applications in medicine, foods and cosmetics including different sectors from chemical industry.
交联和脱色木质素纳米颗粒(LNPs)是通过软木硫酸盐木质素酶法和化学法制备的。胶体木质素颗粒(CLPs,约 200nm)在无异味的水性分散体中可干燥并重新分散在四氢呋喃(THF)或水中,同时保持其稳定性,即球形和粒径。两种真菌漆酶,绒毛栓菌(ThL)和白腐菌(MaL)被用于交联反应。通过高效体积排阻色谱(HPSEC)和氧消耗测量,同时检测到醌的形成导致的红棕色颜色,证实了 ThL 和 MaL 对Lignoboost™木质素和 LNPs 的反应性。通过形成面向表面的羧酸基团,Zeta 电位测量验证了 LNPs 的氧化。动态光散射(DLS)表明,漆酶催化自由基化后 LNPs 的粒径分布仅发生微小变化,表明优先发生颗粒内的共价交联而不是聚合。原子力(AFM)和透射电子(TEM)显微镜成像显示了漆酶处理后的 LNPs 的表面形貌变化。此外,在碱性反应条件下使用超声处理和 HO 可以实现 LNPs 的脱色而不降解。研究结果对于将硫酸盐木质素作为纳米胶体颗粒在医学、食品和化妆品等先进生物纳米材料应用中具有重要意义,包括化学工业的不同领域。