Elian Fahed A, Yan Elizabeth, Walter Michael A
Department of Medical Genetics, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada.
Oncotarget. 2017 Nov 28;9(8):8165-8178. doi: 10.18632/oncotarget.22742. eCollection 2018 Jan 30.
In recent years, rapidly accumulating evidence implicates forkhead box C1 () in cancer, especially in studies of basal-like breast cancer (BLBC). Other studies have followed suit, demonstrating that is not only a major player in this breast cancer subtype, but also in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC), endometrial cancer, Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL), and non-Hodgkin's lymphoma (NHL). The gene encodes a transcription factor that is crucial to mesodermal, neural crest, and ocular development, and mutations found in have been found to cause dominantly inherited Axenfeld-Rieger Syndrome (ARS). Interestingly, while missense mutations that are associated with ARS usually reduce gene activity, increased function now appears to be often linked to more aggressive cancer phenotypes in BLBC, HCC, HL, and NHL. This review discusses not only the role of in cancer cell progression, proliferation, differentiation, and metastasis, but also the underlying mechanisms of how can contribute to aggressive cancer phenotypes.
近年来，迅速积累的证据表明叉头框C1（FOXC1）与癌症有关，尤其是在基底样乳腺癌（BLBC）的研究中。其他研究也纷纷跟进，表明FOXC1不仅是这种乳腺癌亚型的主要参与者，在肝细胞癌（HCC）、子宫内膜癌、霍奇金淋巴瘤（HL）和非霍奇金淋巴瘤（NHL）中也是如此。FOXC1基因编码一种对中胚层、神经嵴和眼部发育至关重要的转录因子，已发现FOXC1中的突变会导致显性遗传的Axenfeld-Rieger综合征（ARS）。有趣的是，虽然与ARS相关的FOXC1错义突变通常会降低基因活性，但现在看来，FOXC1功能的增加往往与BLBC、HCC、HL和NHL中更具侵袭性的癌症表型有关。本综述不仅讨论了FOXC1在癌细胞进展、增殖、分化和转移中的作用，还讨论了FOXC1如何导致侵袭性癌症表型的潜在机制。
