Sam Peter, LaGrange Chad A.
University of Nebraska-Medical Center
University of Nebraska Medical Center
The penis is a male organ that is used for reproduction and urination which is located within the urogenital triangle between the perineal membrane superiorly and deep perineal fascia inferiorly. Its composition divides it into 3 parts: the glans, body, and root. Dorsally, it is composed of the paired corpora cavernosa and ventrally the corpus spongiosum which contains the urethra. The anatomical positions of the penis are according to the erect penis with the dorsal direction being closer to the head and ventral direction being closer to the feet. The tunica albuginea is a fibrous sheet which encapsulates the cavernous body. Buck's fascia, also known as deep fascia of the penis is superficial to the tunica albuginea and is the continuation of the deep perineal fascia which covers the corpora cavernosa and corpus spongiosum together. The spongy urethra is contained within the corpus spongiosum. The crura of the penis is between the 2 corpora cavernosa in the median plane externally. The corpora cavernosa is separated by the septum of the penis internally. The attachment of the penis consists of the bulb, crura, and ischiocavernosus and bulbospongiosus muscles, which collectively makes up the root of the penis. The bulb of the penis and crura contain erectile tissue. The middle portion of the penis is suspended and known as the body of the penis. The body of the penis lacks muscles and consists mostly of corpora cavernosa, corpus spongiosum, and spongy urethra with supporting skin, connective tissue, and blood, lymph, and fascia. The distal part of the penis is known as the glans penis. The proximal portion of the glans is termed the corona. The neck of the corona glans separates it from the body of the penis. The tip of the glans contains the opening to the urethra, known as the meatus. There is loose connective tissue between the thin skin of the penis and the tunica albuginea. The prepuce or foreskin is the second skin layer that covers the glans penis. The frenulum of the prepuce connects it to the urethral surface of the penis glans. The suspensory ligament of the penis is part of the deep fascia that arises from the anterior surface of the pubic symphysis. The fundiform ligament of the penis descends in the midline from the linea alba anterior to the pubic symphysis and splits to surround the penis and then unites and blends inferiorly with the dartos fascia forming the scrotal septum.
阴茎是男性用于生殖和排尿的器官，位于尿生殖三角内，上方为会阴膜，下方为深会阴筋膜。其结构分为三部分：龟头、体部和根部。在背侧，它由成对的海绵体组成；在腹侧，是尿道海绵体，其中包含尿道。阴茎的解剖位置是根据勃起的阴茎确定的，背侧方向更靠近头部，腹侧方向更靠近脚部。白膜是一层纤维组织，包裹着海绵体。巴克筋膜，也称为阴茎深筋膜，位于白膜表面，是深会阴筋膜的延续，它一起覆盖海绵体和尿道海绵体。海绵体尿道包含在尿道海绵体内。阴茎脚在外部位于两个海绵体之间的正中平面。海绵体在内部由阴茎中隔分开。阴茎的附着部分包括球部、脚以及坐骨海绵体肌和球海绵体肌，它们共同构成阴茎的根部。阴茎球和脚含有勃起组织。阴茎的中间部分是悬吊的，称为阴茎体。阴茎体没有肌肉，主要由海绵体、尿道海绵体和海绵体尿道以及支持性的皮肤、结缔组织、血液、淋巴和筋膜组成。阴茎的远端部分称为阴茎头。龟头近端部分称为冠状沟。冠状沟龟头的颈部将其与阴茎体分开。龟头顶端有尿道开口，称为尿道口。阴茎薄皮肤与白膜之间有疏松结缔组织。包皮是覆盖阴茎头的第二层皮肤。包皮系带将其连接到阴茎头的尿道表面。阴茎悬韧带是深筋膜的一部分，起自耻骨联合的前表面。阴茎的耻骨前韧带从耻骨联合前方的白线中线向下延伸，分成两部分环绕阴茎，然后在下方合并并与肉膜筋膜融合，形成阴囊中隔。
