Kasalova Petra, Prasko Jan, Holubova Michaela, Vrbova Kristyna, Zmeskalova Daniela, Slepecky Milos, Grambal Ales
Department of Psychiatry, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University Palacky Olomouc, University Hospital Olomouc, Olomouc, Czech Republic.
Department of Psychology Sciences, Faculty of Social Science and Health Care, Constantine the Philosopher University in Nitra, Slovakia.
Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2018 Feb;38(8):555-564.
Anxiety disorders can be a burden for the patient and his family. They affect the family everyday functioning, require greater demands on adaptation and re-evaluation of the existing habits of family members and consequently may result in family dysfunction due to anxiety disorders, especially in marital relationship or partnership. However, the knowledge about the impact of anxiety disorders on one or both partners in marital or partner life is still limited.
The relevant studies were identified through the Web of Science, PubMed, and Scopus databases, within the period 1990-2017. Additional references were found using reviews of relevant articles. The search terms included "anxiety disorders,""marital problems," "marital conflicts," "partnership," "family functioning," and "communication."
Dissatisfaction in a relationship can act as a trigger for the development of anxiety disorders and could also be responsible for the modulation and maintenance of these disorders. However, this dissatisfaction may also be the consequence of manifestation of the anxiety disorders. The individuals with the anxiety may feel guilty about their partners because of the tolerance and help (does not matter what kind and quality of the help he/she provides), sometimes they are submissively grateful because of the support, they may feel inferior, tend to serve him /her. On the other hand, he/she begins to rebuke partner's supposed negative attitudes; the patient may start to use his psychological problems as an excuse and expects others to help him and solve the situation. Consequently, he /she starts to check and criticize the partner and this tense situation may lead to problems in marriage and disturbs family functioning.
Distress elements that contribute to the development of anxiety disorders can be diverse and sometimes it is not easy to identify so-called precipitating factors. The link between anxiety disorders and family relationships is bi-directional: psychological problems adversely affect patient relationships and attitudes of the partner towards the patient significantly affect his/her anxiety.
焦虑症会给患者及其家庭带来负担。它们影响家庭的日常功能，对家庭成员现有习惯的适应和重新评估提出更高要求，因此可能导致因焦虑症而出现家庭功能失调，尤其是在婚姻关系或伴侣关系中。然而，关于焦虑症对婚姻或伴侣生活中一方或双方伴侣的影响的了解仍然有限。
通过科学网、PubMed和Scopus数据库在1990年至2017年期间确定相关研究。通过对相关文章的综述找到其他参考文献。搜索词包括“焦虑症”“婚姻问题”“婚姻冲突”“伴侣关系”“家庭功能”和“沟通”。
关系中的不满可能引发焦虑症的发展，也可能是这些疾病调节和维持的原因。然而，这种不满也可能是焦虑症表现的结果。患有焦虑症的个体可能因伴侣的容忍和帮助（无论他/她提供何种类型和质量的帮助）而对其感到内疚，有时他们会因得到支持而顺从地感激，可能会感到自卑，倾向于为他/她服务。另一方面，他/她开始指责伴侣所谓的消极态度；患者可能开始以自己的心理问题为借口，期望他人帮助他并解决局面。因此，他/她开始审视和批评伴侣，这种紧张局面可能导致婚姻问题并扰乱家庭功能。
导致焦虑症发展的困扰因素可能多种多样，有时很难确定所谓的诱发因素。焦虑症与家庭关系之间的联系是双向的：心理问题会对患者关系产生不利影响，而伴侣对患者的态度会显著影响其焦虑情绪。
