Chen Mingyang, Chen Xiaoyu, Yang Huan, Du Zengyi, Zhu Xiyu, Wang Enyu, Wen Hai-Hu
Center for Superconducting Physics and Materials, National Laboratory of Solid State Microstructures and Department of Physics, Collaborative Innovation Center for Advanced Microstructures, Nanjing University, 210093, Nanjing, China.
Nat Commun. 2018 Mar 6;9(1):970. doi: 10.1038/s41467-018-03404-8.
Caroli-de Gennes-Matricon (CdGM) states were predicted in 1964 as low-energy excitations within vortex cores of type-II superconductors. In the quantum limit, the energy levels of these states were predicted to be discrete with the basic levels at ±μΔ/E (μ = 1/2, 3/2, 5/2, …) with Δ the superconducting energy gap and E the Fermi energy. However, due to the small ratio of Δ/E in most type-II superconductors, it is very difficult to observe the discrete CdGM states, but rather a symmetric peak which appears at zero bias at the vortex center. Here we report the clear observation of these discrete energy levels of CdGM states in FeTeSe. The rather stable energies of these bound state peaks vs. space clearly validate our conclusion. Analysis based on the energies of these CdGM states indicates that the Fermi energy in the present system is very small.
卡罗利 - 德热纳 - 马特里孔（CdGM）态在1964年被预测为II型超导体涡旋核内的低能激发态。在量子极限下，这些态的能级被预测为离散的，其基本能级为±μΔ/E（μ = 1/2, 3/2, 5/2, …），其中Δ为超导能隙，E为费米能。然而，由于大多数II型超导体中Δ/E的比值较小，很难观测到离散的CdGM态，而是在涡旋中心零偏压处出现一个对称峰。在此我们报告在FeTeSe中清晰观测到了这些CdGM态的离散能级。这些束缚态峰的能量相对于空间相当稳定，这清楚地证实了我们的结论。基于这些CdGM态能量的分析表明，当前系统中的费米能非常小。
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