大湄公河次区域（GMS）卫生服务体系决定因素与民众健康状况比较
Comparison of the Determinants of the Health Service System and the Health Status of the People in the Greater Mekong Subregion (GMS).
作者信息
Phanphairoj Kanjanee, Loa Ritzmond
机构信息
Faculty of Nursing, Thammasat University, Pathum Thani, Thailand.
Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand.
出版信息
Curr Psychiatry Rev. 2017 Dec;13(4):246-251. doi: 10.2174/1573400513666170720145042.
BACKGROUND
Health is influenced by numerous factors that affect the health service system and health status of the people in every country. This article aims to compare the determinants of the health service system and the health status of the people in Thailand, the Lao PDR, Vietnam, and Cambodia; and to recommend policies that impact the population's health and the country's development. Methods: A comprehensive search of the literature from a variety of online search and academic databases, and synthesis of previous study was used in this paper. Data on country indicators were taken from published online databases of the Ministry of Public Health of Cambodia, Lao PDR, Thailand,and Vietnam; the World Health Organization, and the World Bank.
RESULTS
In Thailand, the determinants of the health service system and health status of the people are medical information and technology because of the government initiatives to improve the quality of healthcare services through the use of modern technology. In Vietnam, the society and culture, and the strengths and weaknesses of the hospital significantly affect the health status and health service system there because of the religious beliefs of the people. However, in Cambodia, the strengths and weaknesses of the hospital are the primary determinant of the health service system and health status of the people due to the condition of the hospitals, the availability of new medical devices, and the number of healthcare professionals. In the Lao PDR, trade and investment, and medical information and technology, significantly influence the health service system and health status of the people because of the government efforts to outsource capital expenditures and medical technology.
CONCLUSION
The strengths and weaknesses of the hospital are the key determinants of the health service system and health status of the people in all GMS countries. Understanding the determinants of health is essential in order to develop policies and programs that impact the population's health and the country's development.
背景
健康受到众多因素的影响，这些因素会影响每个国家的卫生服务体系和民众的健康状况。本文旨在比较泰国、老挝、越南和柬埔寨卫生服务体系的决定因素以及民众的健康状况；并推荐对民众健康和国家发展有影响的政策。方法：本文综合检索了各种在线搜索和学术数据库中的文献，并对先前的研究进行了综合分析。关于国家指标的数据取自柬埔寨、老挝、泰国和越南公共卫生部、世界卫生组织以及世界银行已发布的在线数据库。
结果
在泰国，由于政府通过使用现代技术提高医疗服务质量的举措，医疗信息和技术是卫生服务体系和民众健康状况的决定因素。在越南，由于民众的宗教信仰，社会文化以及医院的优势和劣势显著影响当地的健康状况和卫生服务体系。然而，在柬埔寨，由于医院的状况、新医疗设备的可用性以及医疗专业人员的数量，医院的优势和劣势是卫生服务体系和民众健康状况的主要决定因素。在老挝，由于政府努力外包资本支出和医疗技术，贸易和投资以及医疗信息和技术对卫生服务体系和民众健康状况有重大影响。
结论
医院的优势和劣势是所有大湄公河次区域国家卫生服务体系和民众健康状况的关键决定因素。了解健康的决定因素对于制定影响民众健康和国家发展的政策和计划至关重要。
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