Cardiac/Pulmonary Rehabilitation, ASST Pini/CTO, Milan, Italy.
Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Sciences, Sapienza University of Rome, Italy.
J Biol Regul Homeost Agents. 2018 Jan-Feb;32(1 Suppl. 1):61-66.
Allergic rhinitis (AR) was long considered a quite trivial disease, but the advance in epidemiological and clinical knowledge, with a major role for Allergic rhinitis and its Impact on Asthma (ARIA) initiative, substantially changed the scene. Now we know that AR has significant effects on patients quality of life and also has a relevant economic burden. The ARIA phenotypes related to the duration of symptoms and to the severity of AR are very useful in establishing the optimal strategy in each patient with AR, also according to the kind of allergens that cause rhinitis. When traditional allergy testing, including skin prick tests and in vitro of specific IgE antibodies are not sufficient for the diagnosis, modern techniques such as molecular diagnostics may be used. Also the management of AR may be tailored to single patients according to the clinical expression of AR, that may vary from mild to moderate-severe stage, with the aim of achieving the best possible control of the disease.
变应性鼻炎（AR）长期以来被认为是一种相当轻微的疾病，但随着流行病学和临床知识的进步，以及变应性鼻炎及其对哮喘的影响（ARIA）计划的主要作用，情况发生了重大变化。现在我们知道，AR 对患者的生活质量有重大影响，也有相关的经济负担。与症状持续时间和 AR 严重程度相关的 ARIA 表型在为每个 AR 患者制定最佳策略方面非常有用，也根据引起鼻炎的过敏原种类而定。当传统的过敏测试，包括皮肤点刺试验和体外特异性 IgE 抗体不足以诊断时，可以使用现代技术，如分子诊断。根据 AR 的临床表现，AR 的管理也可以根据单个患者进行调整，AR 的临床表现在从轻度到中重度的阶段可能有所不同，目的是尽可能控制疾病。
