Oo Aung Zaw, Sudo Shigeto, Win Khin Thuzar, Shibata Akira, Gonai Takeru
Institute for Agro-Environmental Science (NIAES), National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), 3-1-3 Kannondai Tsukuba, Ibaraki, 305-8604, Japan.
Central Regional Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Kannondai 2-1-18, Tsukuba, 305-8666, Japan.
Heliyon. 2018 Mar 12;4(3):e00568. doi: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2018.e00568. eCollection 2018 Mar.
Two incubation experiments were conducted under controlled moisture and temperature conditions to determine the effects of soil amendment treatments based on pruning waste biochar and oyster shell, on NO and CO emissions from an orchard soil. In experiment 1, four treatments were tested including, control (CK), pruning waste biochar at 2% (B2%), at 10% (B10%), and oyster shell (OS), mixed with soil from two different depths, namely, from the 0-5 cm and the 0-10 cm layers. In experiment 2, only the 0-10 cm soil layer was used to study the effect of surface application of pruning waste biochar (B2% and B10%) on soil NO and CO emissions. The results showed that soil pH, total C and C: N ratio increased with biochar amendment treatments. Significant reduction in soil NO content was observed for the B10% treatment. Although OS application increased soil pH, no effect was observed on soil mineral N content, total C or C: N ratio. The rate of NO emissions from the 0-5 cm soil layer after B2% and B10% addition, significantly declined by 12.5% and 26.3%, respectively. However, only the B10% treatment caused significant reduction in NO emissions from the 0-10 cm soil layer and from surface soil, by 15.1% and 13.8%, respectively. Oyster shell application had no effect on either soil NO or CO emissions from either soil layer tested. Our results suggest that the addition of pruning waste biochar at a high rate has the potential to mitigate NO emissions from orchard soils; while, oyster shell can be used for liming without altering soil NO nor CO emissions.
在可控的湿度和温度条件下进行了两项培养实验，以确定基于修剪废弃物生物炭和牡蛎壳的土壤改良处理对果园土壤中一氧化氮（NO）和一氧化碳（CO）排放的影响。在实验1中，测试了四种处理，包括对照（CK）、2%（B2%）的修剪废弃物生物炭、10%（B10%）的修剪废弃物生物炭以及牡蛎壳（OS），它们与来自两个不同深度（即0 - 5厘米和0 - 10厘米土层）的土壤混合。在实验2中，仅使用0 - 10厘米土层来研究表面施用修剪废弃物生物炭（B2%和B10%）对土壤NO和CO排放的影响。结果表明，随着生物炭改良处理，土壤pH值、总碳含量和碳氮比增加。在B10%处理中观察到土壤NO含量显著降低。虽然施用牡蛎壳提高了土壤pH值，但对土壤矿质氮含量、总碳含量或碳氮比没有影响。添加B2%和B10%后，0 - 5厘米土层的NO排放速率分别显著下降了12.5%和26.3%。然而，只有B10%处理导致0 - 10厘米土层和表层土壤的NO排放分别显著降低了15.1%和13.8%。施用牡蛎壳对所测试的任何一个土层的土壤NO或CO排放均无影响。我们的结果表明，大量添加修剪废弃物生物炭有可能减少果园土壤中的NO排放；而牡蛎壳可用于土壤石灰处理，且不会改变土壤的NO和CO排放。
