Enhanced self-monitoring blood glucose in non-insulin-requiring Type 2 diabetes: A qualitative study in primary care.

AIMS AND OBJECTIVES

To contribute to both theoretical and practical understanding of the role of self-monitoring blood glucose for self-management by describing the experience of people with non-insulin-requiring Type 2 diabetes in an enhanced structured self-monitoring blood glucose intervention.

BACKGROUND

The complex context of self-monitoring blood glucose in Type 2 diabetes requires a deeper understanding of the clients' illness experience with structured self-monitoring of blood glucose. Clients' numeracy skills contribute to their response to blood glucose readings. Nurses' use of motivational interviewing to increase clients' regulatory self-efficacy is important to the theoretical perspective of the study.

DESIGN

A qualitative descriptive study.

METHODS

A purposive sample of eleven adults recently (<2 years) diagnosed with non-insulin-requiring Type 2 diabetes who had experienced a structured self-monitoring blood glucose intervention participated in this study. Audio recordings of semi-structured interviews and photographs of logbooks were analysed for themes using constant comparison and member checking.

RESULTS

The illness experience states of Type 2 diabetes include 'Diagnosis,' 'Behavior change,' and 'Routine checking.' People check blood glucose to confirm their Type 2 diabetes diagnosis, to console their diabetes-related fears, to create personal explanations of health behaviour's impact on blood glucose, to activate behaviour change and to congratulate their diabetes self-management efforts.

CONCLUSIONS

These findings support the Transtheoretical model's stages of change and change processes. Blood glucose checking strengthens the relationships between theoretical concepts found in Diabetes Self-management Education-Support including the following: engagement, information sharing and behavioural support.

RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE

Tailoring diabetes care specifically to clients' stage of their illness experience with use of self-monitoring blood glucose contributes to engagement in self-management. Motivational interviewing and collaborative decision-making using blood glucose checking increase regulatory self-efficacy for people living with non-insulin-requiring Type 2 diabetes.