Stavrou Nektarios A M, Debevec Tadej, Eiken Ola, Mekjavic Igor B
School of Physical Education and Sport Science, National and Kapodistrian University of Athens, Athens, Greece.
Department of Sport Psychology, Hellenic Sports Research Institute, Olympic Athletic Center of Athens "Spiros Louis", Athens, Greece.
Front Psychol. 2018 Mar 23;9:362. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2018.00362. eCollection 2018.
Previous research, although limited, suggests that both hypoxia and bed rest influence psychological responses by exaggerating negative psychological responses and attenuating positive emotions. The present study investigated the effect of a 21-day prolonged exposure to normobaric hypoxia and bed rest on affective responses and fatigue. Eleven healthy participants underwent three 21-day interventions using a cross-over design: (1) normobaric hypoxic ambulatory confinement (HAMB), (2) normobaric hypoxic bed rest (HBR) and (3) normoxic bed rest (NBR). Affective and fatigue responses were investigated using the Activation Deactivation Adjective Check List, and the Multidimensional Fatigue Inventory, which were completed before (Pre), during (Day 7, Day 14, and Day 21) and after (Post) the interventions. The most negative psychological profile appeared during the HBR intervention. Specifically, tiredness, tension, general and physical fatigue significantly increased on days 7, 14, and 21, as well as at Post. After the HBR intervention, general and physical fatigue remained higher compared to Pre values. Additionally, a deterioration of psychological responses was also noted following HAMB and NBR. In particular, both hypoxia and BR induced subjective fatigue and negative affective responses. BR seems to exert a moderate negative effect on the sensation of fatigue, whereas exercise attenuates the negative effects of hypoxia as noted during the HAMB condition. In conclusion, our data suggest that the addition of hypoxia to bed rest-induced inactivity significantly worsens affective responses and feeling of fatigue.
以往的研究虽然有限，但表明缺氧和卧床休息都会通过夸大负面心理反应和削弱积极情绪来影响心理反应。本研究调查了21天持续暴露于常压缺氧和卧床休息对情感反应和疲劳的影响。11名健康参与者采用交叉设计进行了三次为期21天的干预：（1）常压缺氧动态禁闭（HAMB），（2）常压缺氧卧床休息（HBR）和（3）常压正常氧卧床休息（NBR）。使用激活-失活形容词检查表和多维疲劳量表对情感和疲劳反应进行了调查，这些量表在干预前（Pre）、干预期间（第7天、第14天和第21天）和干预后（Post）完成。最消极的心理状况出现在HBR干预期间。具体而言，在第7天、第14天和第21天以及干预后，疲倦、紧张、总体和身体疲劳显著增加。HBR干预后，总体和身体疲劳仍高于干预前的值。此外，在HAMB和NBR后也注意到心理反应的恶化。特别是，缺氧和卧床休息都会引起主观疲劳和负面情感反应。卧床休息似乎对疲劳感有中度负面影响，而运动则会减弱缺氧的负面影响，如在HAMB条件下所观察到的。总之，我们的数据表明，在卧床休息导致的不活动状态下增加缺氧会显著恶化情感反应和疲劳感。
