Ballesta García Ismael, Rubio Arias Jacobo Ángel, Ramos Campo Domingo Jesús, Martínez González-Moro Ignacio, Carrasco Poyatos María
Departamento de Educación, Facultad de Educación, Universidad de Almería, Almería, Spain.
Departamento de Actividad Física y Ciencias del Deporte, Facultad del Deporte, Universidad Católica San Antonio, Murcia, Spain; Centro de Investigación en Alto Rendimiento, Universidad Católica San Antonio, Murcia, Spain.
Rev Esp Cardiol (Engl Ed). 2019 Mar;72(3):233-243. doi: 10.1016/j.rec.2018.02.015. Epub 2018 Apr 9.
INTRODUCTION AND OBJECTIVES: High-interval intensity training (HIT) has been suggested to improve peak VO in cardiac rehabilitation programs. However, the optimal HIT protocol is unknown. The objective of this study was to identify the most effective doses of HIT to optimize peak VO in coronary artery disease (CAD) and heart failure (HF) patients. METHODS: A search was conducted in 6 databases (MEDLINE, Web of Science, LILACS, CINAHL, Academic Search Complete, and SportDiscus). Studies using a HIT protocol in CAD or HF patients and measuring peak VO were included. The PEDro Scale and Cochrane Collaboration tools were used. RESULTS: Analyses reported significant improvements in peak VO after HIT in both diseases (P = .000001), with a higher increase in HF patients (P = .03). Nevertheless, in HF patients, there were no improvements when the intensity recovery was ≤ 40% of peak VO (P = .19) and the frequency of training was ≤ 2 d/wk (P = .07). There were significant differences regarding duration in CAD patients, with greater improvements in peak VO when the duration was < 12 weeks (P = .05). In HF, programs lasting < 12 weeks did not significantly improve peak VO (P = .1). CONCLUSIONS: The HIT is an effective method for improving peak VO in HF and CAD, with a significantly greater increase in HF patients. The recovery intervals should be active and be between 40% and 60% of peak VO in HF patients. Training frequency should be ≥ 2 d/wk for CAD patients and ≥ 3 d/wk for HF patients.
引言与目的：在心脏康复项目中，高间歇强度训练（HIT）被认为可改善峰值摄氧量（VO₂peak）。然而，最佳的HIT方案尚不清楚。本研究的目的是确定最有效的HIT剂量，以优化冠状动脉疾病（CAD）和心力衰竭（HF）患者的VO₂peak。 方法：在6个数据库（MEDLINE、科学网、拉丁美洲及加勒比地区健康科学数据库、护理学与健康领域数据库、学术搜索完整版和体育文献数据库）中进行检索。纳入在CAD或HF患者中使用HIT方案并测量VO₂peak的研究。使用PEDro量表和Cochrane协作工具。 结果：分析报告称，两种疾病在HIT后VO₂peak均有显著改善（P = 0.000001），HF患者的改善幅度更大（P = 0.03）。然而，在HF患者中，当强度恢复≤VO₂peak的40%时无改善（P = 0.19），训练频率≤2天/周时也无改善（P = 0.07）。CAD患者在训练持续时间方面存在显著差异，持续时间<12周时VO₂peak改善更大（P = 0.05）。在HF中，持续时间<12周的方案未显著改善VO₂peak（P = 0.1）。 结论：HIT是改善HF和CAD患者VO₂peak的有效方法，HF患者的改善幅度显著更大。HF患者的恢复间隔应为主动恢复，且介于VO₂peak的40%至60%之间。CAD患者的训练频率应≥2天/周，HF患者应≥3天/周。
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