Noopur Gupta, Praveen Vashist, Radhika Tandon, Sanjeev K Gupta, Mani Kalaivani, Deepak Kumar
a Dr. Rajendra Prasad Centre for Ophthalmic Sciences , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi , India.
b Centre for Community Medicine , All India Institute of Medical Sciences , New Delhi , India.
Curr Eye Res. 2018 Jun;43(6):734-739. doi: 10.1080/02713683.2018.1449221. Epub 2018 Apr 13.
To assess awareness, barriers, and misconceptions related to eye donation in people with corneal disease as compared to controls in a population setting.
A population-based study was conducted in 25 randomly selected clusters of Rural Gurgaon, Haryana, India, as part of the CORE (Cornea Opacity Rural Epidemiological) study. In addition to ophthalmic examination, knowledge and perceptions regarding eye donation were assessed through a validated questionnaire. The questionnaire captured the sociodemographic factors influencing awareness regarding eye donation in participants with corneal disease and twice the number of age- and gender-matched controls recruited from the same study clusters. Descriptive statistics were computed along with multivariable logistic regression analysis to determine associated factors for awareness of eye donation.
In the CORE study, 452 participants had corneal opacities on ocular examination. Of these, 442 were assessed for eye donation awareness. Additionally, 884 age- and gender-matched controls were recruited. The mean age of cases and controls was 60.9 ± 15.5 and 59.6 ± 14.3 years, respectively. Awareness of eye donation in cases and controls was 46.4% (n = 205 of 442) and 52.3% (n = 462 of 884), respectively (P = 0.044). Educational status was an important factor determining knowledge about eye donation in both cases and controls (P = < 0.001). Major barriers reported for not pledging eyes were lack of willingness (36.7%) and ignorance (15.3%). Common misconceptions like eyes could be donated before death or even after 24 h of death and that any type of blindness could be treated with corneal transplantation were prevalent.
The study demonstrated that although there is substantial awareness about eye donation, there are numerous barriers in this population that need to be resolved to improve donation rates. Additional efforts are needed to translate this awareness into actual eye donation in both cases with corneal disease and controls.
在人群环境中，评估与对照组相比，角膜疾病患者对眼捐赠的认知、障碍和误解。
作为CORE（农村角膜混浊流行病学）研究的一部分，在印度哈里亚纳邦古尔冈农村随机选择的25个集群中进行了一项基于人群的研究。除了眼科检查外，还通过一份经过验证的问卷评估了对眼捐赠的知识和看法。该问卷收集了影响角膜疾病患者对眼捐赠认知的社会人口学因素，以及从同一研究集群中招募的年龄和性别匹配对照组数量两倍的对照者的相关因素。计算描述性统计数据，并进行多变量逻辑回归分析，以确定眼捐赠认知的相关因素。
在CORE研究中，452名参与者眼部检查有角膜混浊。其中，442名参与者接受了眼捐赠认知评估。此外，招募了884名年龄和性别匹配的对照者。病例组和对照组的平均年龄分别为60.9±15.5岁和59.6±14.3岁。病例组和对照组对眼捐赠的认知率分别为46.4%（442例中的205例）和52.3%（884例中的462例）（P=0.044）。教育程度是决定病例组和对照组对眼捐赠知识的重要因素（P<0.001）。报告的不承诺捐赠眼睛的主要障碍是缺乏意愿（36.7%）和无知（15.3%）。常见的误解，如眼睛可以在死前甚至死后24小时捐赠，以及任何类型的失明都可以通过角膜移植治疗，很普遍。
该研究表明，尽管对眼捐赠有相当程度的认知，但该人群中存在许多需要解决的障碍，以提高捐赠率。需要做出更多努力，将这种认知转化为角膜疾病患者和对照者的实际眼捐赠行为。
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