Santangelo Omar Enzo, Provenzano Sandro, Firenze Alberto
Dipartimento di Scienze per la Promozione della Salute e Materno Infantile "G. D'Alessandro", Università di Palermo.
Riv Psichiatr. 2018 Mar-Apr;53(2):88-94. doi: 10.1708/2891.29157.
The university student is vulnerable to the adverse effects of many stress factors that can lead to depressive symptoms, anxiety and alcohol abuse, causing an increase in the burden of illness in young people. The aim of the study was to measure depressive symptoms, anxiety levels, and harmful alcohol consumption within the student population of the University of Palermo.
An online questionnaire was sent by e-mail to the 8500 students enrolled in the (ERSU) Regional Office for the Right to University Study's mailing list in Palermo. It was evaluated the severity of depressive symptoms through the Quick Inventory of Depressive Symptomatology-Self Report, anxiety symptoms using the Beck Anxiety Inventory and risky consumption of alcohol by using the Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test-Consumption test. From the test it was possible to get individual scores that allow you to evaluate the risk by associating each individual with a category. The obtained variables were analyzed by Pearson square test (χ 2).
The questionnaire answered 1102 individuals, 756 females (68.60%), with an average age of 22 years (± 3.28). 13.52% of the sample have a risky consumption of alcohol. 22.14% showed moderate depressive symptoms and 12.16% had serious and very serious symptoms. Respectively, 19.69% and 7.53% have moderate and high levels of anxiety. As for depressive symptoms (χ2 (4)=31.58, p<0.001) and anxiety (χ2 (2)=20.71; p<0.001), the female gender is assigned to more relevant reference categories than males.
There are no statistically significant differences of risky consumption of alcohol in terms of gender or type or length of course. An analysis of the data shows that anxiety, depression and alcoholism risk have a similar distribution in all degree courses. Female students are more vulnerable to anxiety and depression. Active public health planning and implementation of structural and organizational measures would be very effective in reducing alcohol consumption and promoting health.
大学生易受多种压力因素的不利影响，这些因素可导致抑郁症状、焦虑和酗酒，从而增加年轻人的疾病负担。本研究的目的是测量巴勒莫大学学生群体中的抑郁症状、焦虑水平和有害饮酒情况。
通过电子邮件向巴勒莫大学地区大学学习权利办公室（ERSU）邮件列表中的8500名学生发送了一份在线问卷。通过抑郁症状快速自评量表评估抑郁症状的严重程度，使用贝克焦虑量表评估焦虑症状，并使用酒精使用障碍识别测试-消费测试评估酒精的危险消费情况。通过该测试可以获得个体分数，从而通过将每个人与一个类别相关联来评估风险。对获得的变量进行Pearson卡方检验（χ2）分析。
1102人回答了问卷，其中756名女性（68.60%），平均年龄22岁（±3.28）。13.52%的样本存在危险饮酒行为。22.14%表现出中度抑郁症状，12.16%有严重和非常严重的症状。分别有19.69%和7.53%的人有中度和高度焦虑。至于抑郁症状（χ2(4)=31.58，p<0.001）和焦虑（χ2(2)=20.71；p<0.001），女性比男性被归入更相关的参考类别。
在性别、课程类型或课程长度方面，危险饮酒行为没有统计学上的显著差异。数据分析表明，焦虑、抑郁和酗酒风险在所有学位课程中的分布相似。女学生更容易受到焦虑和抑郁的影响。积极的公共卫生规划以及结构和组织措施的实施对于减少酒精消费和促进健康将非常有效。
